蒲德成　苏胜齐　代昌华

摘要：为保护和开发利用大宁河的齐口裂腹鱼（Schizothorax prenanti Tchang）资源，从2005年开始，在大宁河中上游收集齐口裂腹鱼进行人工驯养，并于2009-2016年进行人工繁育试验。结果表明，在人工驯养条件下，亲鱼性腺可发育成熟，共催产雌鱼953尾，采卵731万粒，培育出规格鱼苗（17～26 mm）324万尾，规模化人工繁育的催产率、受精率、孵化率和鱼苗成活率分别为79.7%、83.3%、79.7%和67.2%。试验发现，齐口裂腹鱼性腺发育对低温期的适温范围较广，在11.1～13.5 ℃较高水温环境下，性腺发育不受影响；提高培育最低水温，可使亲鱼繁殖期提前；越冬期间是否需要处于停食状态，也不是影响亲鱼性腺发育的因素；齐口裂腹鱼通过长期驯养后能够适应人工环境条件而自然产卵繁殖。

关键词：齐口裂腹鱼（Schizothorax prenanti Tchang）；人工繁殖；亲鱼培育；自然繁殖；大宁河

中图分类号：Q959.46+8.2（714WX） 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）20-3917-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.20.030

Abstract： In order to better protect and exploit the resources of Schizothorax prenanti Tchang in Daning River， the wild S. prenanti was collected from Daning River， then the artificial reproduction was researched from 2009 to 2016. The results showed that S. prenanti can develop and mature under artificial domestication conditions. There were 953 female S. prenanti participated in breeding； more than 7.31 million legs were hatched out； and 3.24 million fishes with total length of 17 to 26 mm were obtained； during the large-scale artificial propagation， the spawning rate， fertilizing rate， hatching rate and fry survival rate of S. prenanti were 79.7%， 83.3%， 79.7% and 67.2%， respectively. It was also found that the gonad development of S. prenanti was not affected by the wide temperature range of 11.1 to 13.5 ℃ during the low temperature period. Improving the lowest cultivating water temperature appropriately could advance the breeding season. Whether or not it stayed on gastric disorder condition during winter could not affect the gonad development of parent fish. The long-term domesticated S. prenanti could breed naturally by adapting to artificial environmental conditions.

Key words： Schizothorax prenanti Tchang； artificial reproduction； brood fish breeding； natural reproduction； Daning River

大寧河是长江中上游一级支流，由北向南主要流经重庆市巫溪县和巫山县，全长150 km，流域面积3 720 km2[1]，齐口裂腹鱼（Schizothorax prenanti Tchang）是长江上游的重要经济类鱼种，也是大宁河鱼类组成的主要优势种，并且是上游巫溪县境内激流河段的主要捕捞对象[2，3]。目前，关于不同地区齐口裂腹鱼人工繁育试验已有报道[4-6]，但原产于大宁河的齐口裂腹鱼及原产区的人工繁育研究还未见正式报道。为此，课题组对大宁河原产的齐口裂腹鱼人工繁育技术进行了探讨，旨在充实齐口裂腹鱼人工繁殖、资源开发等基础资料，并为大宁河流域沿线区域规模化养殖齐口裂腹鱼提供苗种来源。……