γ—干扰素释放试验对颈淋巴结结核的辅助诊断价值研究
2017-11-17许辉闫广鹏马晶
许辉 闫广鹏 马晶
[摘要] 目的 探讨γ-干扰素释放试验对颈淋巴结结核的辅助诊断价值。 方法 2014年12月~2016年4月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的94例颈淋巴结肿大患者依据病理及细菌学诊断分为颈淋巴结结核病组(52例)及非颈淋巴结结核病组(42例),所有患者均接受了外周血γ-干擾素释放试验,比较两组斑点形成细胞个数(SFCs)。 结果 颈淋巴结结核病组SFCs中位数(90个)显著高于非颈淋巴结结核病组SFCs中位数(0个),两组差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。外周血γ-干扰素释放试验的灵敏度为92.31%(48/52),特异度为69.05%(29/42),阳性预测值为78.69%,阴性预测值为87.88%。 结论 在结核高负担地区,不能单纯依据外周血γ-干扰素释放试验对颈淋巴结结核做出诊断。
[关键词] 结核;淋巴结;γ-干扰素释放试验;灵敏度;特异度
[中图分类号] R52 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2017)10(a)-0049-04
[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the performance of interferon-γ release assay (IGRAs) in patients with suspected cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis. Methods From December 2014 to April 2016, 94 patients with abnormal cervical lymph node in People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were categorized into cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis group (52 cases) and nonactive cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis group (42 cases) according to histopathologic and microbiological findings. IGRAs using peripheral blood mononuclear cells was performed to examine the IFN-γ response to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens. The number of cells (SFCs) in two groups was compared. Results SFCs median in cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis group (90) was significantly higher than that in non-cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis group (0), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The sensitivity of peripheral blood gamma-interferon release assay was 92.31% (48/52), the specificity was 69.05% (29/42), the positive predictive value was 78.69%, the negative predictive value was 87.88%. Conclusion In a high tuberculosis burden setting, results of IGRAs are of limited value in the diagnosis of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis.
[Key words] Tuberculosis; Lymph node; Interferon-γ release assay; Sensitivity; Specificity
中国是结核病的高负担国家,而新疆是中国结核病疫情较为严重的地区,2010~2011年新疆结核病流行病学抽样调查结果显示,新疆地区15岁以上人口标化活动性肺结核患病率是全国水平的3.32倍,与2000年新疆结核病流行病学抽样调查结果相比,该地区活动性肺结核患病率和菌阳肺结核患病率升高1.34倍和18.75%[1-2]。颈淋巴结结核在肺结核高发地区的发病率也相应升高,占全部肺外结核的20%~50%[3]。结核分枝杆菌培养作为颈淋巴结结核的确认性诊断,该检查手段特异度高但灵敏度低,其阴性结果也无法排除结核分枝杆菌感染,并且结核分枝杆菌培养周期长达数周,给及时确诊颈淋巴结结核带来了困难。近年来γ-干扰素释放试验(IGRAs)被逐渐用于临床检测结核分枝杆菌的感染。该检测法的原理是通过将两个结核特异性抗原:早期分泌靶向抗原(ESAT-6)和10 kD培养滤过蛋白(CFP-10)作为刺激原去刺激外周血单个核细胞,定量检测经过抗原刺激后分泌γ-干扰素的外周血单个核细胞数量来判断是否存在结核分枝杆菌的感染。……
