焦继东 郑剑锋,2# 李付宽 孙力平,2

(1.天津城建大学环境与市政工程学院,天津 300384；2.天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室，天津 300384)

混盐条件下藻类生长特性及磷营养盐动力学分析*

焦继东1郑剑锋1,2#李付宽1孙力平1,2

(1.天津城建大学环境与市政工程学院,天津 300384；2.天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室，天津 300384)

选择天津滨海地区混盐水体，研究不同盐度下藻类演替及生长规律，并探究混盐条件下磷营养盐对藻类生长的影响，以Monod方程为理论基础，构建混盐条件下藻类生长—磷营养盐动力学模型，为混盐水体水华防治提供依据。结果表明：在盐度(以质量浓度计)<10 000mg/L的情况下，卵囊藻(Oocystissp)和铜绿微囊藻(Microcystisaeruginosa)为优势种；当盐度≥10 000mg/L时，铜绿微囊藻为优势种。盐度为10 000～20 000mg/L时，藻类适宜生长繁殖；当盐度<10 000mg/L或盐度>20 000mg/L时，藻类生长繁殖受到不同程度的抑制。当盐度为15 000mg/L的条件下，适宜藻类生长的磷营养盐(以磷计)为0.20～1.50mg/L；当磷营养盐为1.50mg/L时，比生长率最大。通过藻类生长—磷营养盐动力学分析，确定混盐条件下藻类最大比生长率为0.877d-1，半饱和常数为0.914mg/L。

盐度 优势藻 磷 动力学分析

Abstract: Aiming at the mesohalinous water bodies in coastal region of Tianjin,the growth characteristics of algae in different salinities and phosphorus nutrient concentration were studied,and a dynamic model of algae growth-phosphorus nutrient for mesohalinous water based on the theory of Monod equation was built. The research results showed that：when the salinity (calculated at mass concentration) was <10 000 mg/L,OocystisspandMicrocystisaeruginosawere predominant algae；when the salinity was ≥10 000 mg/L,Microcystusaeruginosaoccupied absolutely dominant position. Algae growth was always active in condition of the salinity range from 10 000 mg/L to 20 000 mg/L. When the salinity was less than 10 000 mg/L or more than 20 000 mg/L,the algae growth was inhibited to some extent. The phosphorus nutrient concentration ranged from 0.20 mg/L to 1.50 mg/L was suitable for algae growth with salinity of 15 000 mg/L. Algae growth reached the maximum while the phosphorus nutrient concentration (calculated by phosphorus) was 1.50 mg/L. Through the analysis of the dynamic model,the maximum specific growth rate of algae was 0.877 d-1,and the semi-saturation constant was 0.914 mg/L.

Keywords: salinity; predominant algae; phosphorus; dynamic analysis

受高盐度地下水和土壤的影响，天津滨海地区地表混盐水体(盐度(以质量浓度计)为500～30 000 mg/L)众多[1-2]。通常认为，盐度对藻类生长有抑制作用[3]，但通过对天津滨海地区地表水水质调查发现，这些混盐水体中依然存在着由藻类过度生长而导致的水华问题。许多研究成果表明，盐度对藻类演替及生长规律均有较大影响。BARRON等[4]通过不同营养条件下盐度对浮游植物特别是固氮蓝藻生长的影响研究发现，在高营养水平下盐度对浮游植物生长的影响更明显。钱振明等[5]研究发现，盐度在一定程度上影响着硅藻的渗透压、营养盐吸收及其悬浮性。……