陈小燕+高丽娟++王赏莉+毛小媛+项崇悟++兰菊红

[摘要] 目的 探討早期喂养不同剂量蛋白质对早产儿生长发育的影响。 方法 采用回顾性调查的方法，收集浙江大学丽水医院2014年2月～2016年5月120例住院早产儿的资料，分析早期不同蛋白质摄入营养治疗对早产儿生长发育的影响。将蛋白质平均摄入量>3.3 g/（kg·d）为高蛋白质组（H组），将蛋白质平均摄入量≤3.3 g/（kg·d）为低蛋白质组（L组）。记录并比较两组间早产儿在纠正胎龄满40周（T1）、1个月（T2）、3个月（T3）、6个月（T4）、12个月（T5）时体重、身长、头围变化，最后行统计分析。 结果 两组早产儿在性别、胎龄、出生方式、出生头围、体重、身长及出生5 min Apgar评分比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。经喂养后H组在T1、T2、T3、T4的体重、身长、头围增长均高于L组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。在T5时H组与L组早产儿头围变化比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），但T5时H组早产儿体重与身长变化显著高于L组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 早产儿行平均摄入>3.3 g/（kg·d）的高蛋白质喂养，能提高出生后早产儿喂养效果，促进体格发育，利于早产儿的生长。

[关键词] 蛋白质；早期营养；早产儿；生长发育

[中图分类号] R722.6 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2017）26-0055-03

Comparison of the effects of different protein intake on growth and development of premature infants

CHEN Xiaoyan GAO Lijuan WANG Shangli MAO Xiaoyuan XIANG Chongwu LAN Juhong

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine， Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University， Lishui 323000， China

[Astract] Objective To explore the effects of early feeding of different doses of protein on the growth and development of premature infants. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to collect the data of 120 preterm infants in Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University from February 2014 to May 2016. The effects of different protein intake nutrition treatments on the growth and development of premature infants were analyzed. The average protein intake >3.3 g/（kg·d） was included in the high protein group（group H）， and the average protein intake≤3.3 g/（kg·d） was included in the low protein group（group L）. The body weight， length and head circumference change at 40 weeks（T1）， 1 month（T2）， 3 months（T3）， 6 months（T4）， 12 months（T5） of gestational age between the two groups of premature infants were compared. The data were statistically analyzed finally. Results There were no significant differences in gender， gestational age， birth pattern， birth head circumference， body weight， body length and Apgar score at 5 min after birth between the two groups of premature infants（P>0.05）. The increase of body weight， body length and head circumference at T1， T2， T3 and T4 in group H were higher than those in group L after feeding， and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the head circumference of group H and group L at T5（P>0.05）， but the increase of the body weight and body length in the group H was higher than that in the group L at T5， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The high-protein diet with the average intake of>3.3 g/（kg·d） of the premature children feeding can improve the feeding effect of preterm infants and promote the development of premature infants， which is conducive to the growth of premature children.endprint

[Key words] Protein； Early nutrition； Premature children； Growth and development

早产儿由于储备营养物质少，出生后消耗增加，喂养耐受性差，易受相关并发症影响，出现摄入营养不足，致生后器官发育不成熟，影响其生长发育[1，2]。给予合理的营养，促进早产儿生长发育，关注早产儿早期的营养需求，显得非常重要。近年来我院通过开展不同蛋白质摄入用于早产儿营养支持治疗，取得一定的疗效，现将早期喂养与早产儿生长发育治疗的有关经验总结如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择我院2014年2月～2016年5月期间在新生儿监护室（NICU）治疗的120例早产儿为研究对象。将出生后……