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2012~2016年衡阳市无偿献血者血液检测情况调查分析

2017-10-20王英曹晓娟王湘屏

中国现代医生 2017年25期

王英+曹晓娟+王湘屏

[摘要] 目的 了解本地区不同人群无偿献血者血液检测情况,为制定招募安全血源、减少血液浪费的策略提供依据。方法 收集无偿献血者197588份标本的检测结果,并对其进行统计分析。 结果 血液检测总不合格率呈逐年下降趋势,各项目检测不合格率从高到低排序为ALT>HBsAg>抗-HCV=抗-TP>抗-HIV,不合格率在献血人群的年龄、性别、职业、学历分布差异上均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中男性高于女性,25~44岁献血人群高于其他年龄组,农民最高,学生最低。学历越低,检测不合格率越高。 结论 重点招募低危献血者,加强献血前征询和快筛,加强ALT和HBsAg献血前初筛质量管理以减低血液检测的不合格率,并保证血液安全。

[关键词] 无偿献血者;血液检测;衡阳市;献血

[中图分类号] R446.6 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)25-0121-04

Investigation analysis of blood test of unpaid blood donors in Hengyang City from 2012 to 2016

WANG Ying CAO Xiaojuan WANG Xiangping

The Center Blood Station of Hengyang City in Hunan Province, Hengyang 421001, China

[Abstract] Objective To understand the blood test of unpaid blood donors in different populations of the region, and to provide the basis for the strategy of recruiting safe blood source and reducing blood waste. Methods The test results of 197588 samples of unpaid blood donors were collected and analyzed statistically. Results The total unqualified rate of blood test showed a declining trend year by year. The unqualified rate of each item was ALT> HBsAg>anti-HCV=anti-TP>anti-HIV. The unqualified rate was significant different in the age, sex, occupation and educational distribution of blood donors(P<0.05). Among them, the unqualified rate of male was higher than that of female, and the unqualified rate of blood donation group aged 25-44 was higher than that of other age group, with farmer of the highest and the student of the lowest. The lower the degree, the higher the unqualified rate. Conclusion Recruiting the low-risk blood donors mainly, strengthening consultation and fast screening before blood donation, and strengthening screening quality management before blood donation of ALT and HBsAg, to reduce the blood test unqualified rate and ensure blood safety.

[Key words] Unpaid blood donors; Blood test; Hengyang City; Blood donation

為了制定招募安全血源的策略,尽量减少输血传染病的发生,减少不合格血液的采集,首次对衡阳市 2012~2016 年无偿献血者的血液检测结果进行回顾性分析,现报道如下。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

收集2012~2016年本市自愿无偿献血者血液检测结果记录完整的资料197588份,统计其ALT、HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP、抗-HIV的检测结果,以及献血者的性别、年龄、教育背景、职业等情况。献血前严格按照GB18467-2011《献血者健康检查要求》征询、体格检查,血红蛋白、HBsAg、ALT(2013年开始)、抗-TP(2016年开始)等项目检测合格后方可献血。

1.2 检测方法

献血前HBsAg和抗-TP检测采用胶体金试剂条检测,ALT采用干化学法。所有采集回站的血液标本用AU400全自动生化分析仪检测血液标本中的ALT,方法为速率法,用两种不同厂家的试剂检测2遍(2013年开始只检测1遍)。所有血液标本用帝肯前处理加样,FAME(24/20)后处理检测HBsA、抗-HCV、抗-HIV、抗-TP,方法为酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),用两种不同厂家的试剂检测 2 遍。若两种试剂均合格判定为合格,两种试剂均不合格判定为不合格,单试剂阳性则使用该试剂进行双孔复查,一孔或双孔阳性判定为不合格,否则为合格。从2015年……

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