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脑室出血外引流拔管时间与术后继发颅内感染及相关因素分析

2017-10-19周焱峰

中外医疗 2017年22期

周焱峰

[摘要] 目的 研究脑室出血外引流拔管时间长短与术后继发颅内感染的相关因素。方法 方便选取该院神经外科2011年1月—2016年1月收治的115例脑室出血行双侧外引流患者,分析术后引流时间,有无糖尿病史,术后是否行尿激酶灌注等作为统计因素。结果 发生颅内感染12例;第1、2、3周的感染率分别为 12%, 7% 和11%,它们之间差异无统计学意义,但外引流管时间大于3周感染率明显高于1、2周;其他一些相关因素如有无糖尿病,是否行尿激酶灌注,GCS评分是颅内感染的危险因素。结论 脑室出血术后脑室外引流时间超过3周,感染风险明显增加,同时减少尿激酶使用次数,控制糖尿病患者血糖水平可以减少颅内感染。

[关键词] 颅内感染;脑室出血;脑室外引流

[中图分类号] R651.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2017)08(a)-0087-03

[Abstracts] Objective This paper tries to study the factors related to the duration of extracorporeal extubation and the postoperative secondary intracranial infection. Methods 115 cases of intraventricular hemorrhage in patients with bilateral external drainage from January 2011 to January 2016 were convenient selected, postoperative drainage time, with or without diabetes history, postoperative urokinase perfusion were analyzed. Results 12 cases had the incidence of intracranial infection; infection rates of the first week, the second week, the third week were 12%, 7% and 11%, there were no statistically significant, but the drainage tube time of the third week was longer than the first week and the second week; other related factors such as diabetes, whether urokinase perfusion, GCS score were all risk factors for intracranial infection. Conclusion If external ventricular drainage time is more than 3 weeks, the risk of infection will increase significantly, however reducing the frequency of infusion of urokinase and active treatment of diabetes can reduce the incidence of intracranial infection.

[Key words] Intracranial infection; Ventricular hemorrhage; External ventricular drainage

腦室穿刺引流术是神经外科治疗自发性脑室出血最主要治疗方法,对各种类型脑室内出血都适用[1-3],但颅内感染已成为外引流术后主要并发症,发生率2%~24%[4-7]。一旦发生颅内感染,患者死亡率会明显增加,除此以外,即使颅内感染得到很好的控制,患者感染后继发脑积水的发生率也会明显增加[8-9],所以脑室出血后行外引流继发感染的原因分析,对临床工作脑室出血术后治疗及管理有着重要意义,该研究对该院2011年1月—2016年1月收治的115例自发性脑室出血行双侧外引流患者术后继发颅内感染相关因素进行分析,发现除了常见患者个体差异及手术过程规范外,外引流拔管时间的长短也差异有统计学意义,这对临床工作脑室出血有一定指导价值。……

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