非水溶性超分散纳米催化剂在多孔介质中的运移机理研究
2017-10-11卢宁赵法军
卢宁,赵法军
(东北石油大学 提高油气采收率教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 大庆 163318)
非水溶性超分散纳米催化剂在多孔介质中的运移机理研究
卢宁,赵法军
(东北石油大学 提高油气采收率教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 大庆 163318)
随着原位改质热采稠油工艺的不断发展,水溶性超分散纳米催化剂作为丸粒状催化剂的替代者,具有良好的应用前景。为评价注入的纳米催化剂在地层中的效用,需要研究其在地层内的运移机理。以单球型聚集器作为地层(即多孔介质)的假想模型,定义并计算聚集效率η以定量分析各因素对粒子运移的影响,从五个方面对影响纳米粒子在聚集器内的因素进行了综述分析。研究发现,捕获作用、水动力作用对粒子运移的影响较大。此外,注入纳米粒子浓度较高时,变形作用的影响也应予以关注。
稠油;超分散催化剂;纳米粒子;运移;多孔介质
Abstract:With the continuous development of in situ upgrade heavy oil thermal recovery process, non-aqueous nano-dispersed catalyst, as an alternative to pellet catalyst, shows good prospects for application. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the injected nano-catalyst in formation, it is necessary to investigate its migration mechanism in the formation. In this paper, taking a single spherical collector as formation model, collection efficiency (η) was defined and calculated to show the effect of each transport mechanism on particle migration process. By calculating the aggregation efficiency, influence factors were quantitatively analyzed from five aspects. The result shows that interception effect and hydrodynamic action have great influence on particle migration. In addition, the effect of straining should be paid attention to when the concentration of injected nanoparticles is higher.
Key words:Heavy oil; Nano-dispersed catalyst; Nanoparticle; Transport; Porous media
1 引 言
石油是世界上重要的不可再生能源之一。随着世界能源需求的快速增长,除非勘探开发新的大油田或现有强化采油技术获得突破性进展,世界原油可采储量将不可避免地减少。在经过上个世纪的大规模开发后,常规原油可采储量事实上已增长乏力[1];与此同时,非常规原油以其丰富的储量逐步吸引了国内外石油工业的注意,发展非常规原油的开采技术已成为保证能源安全的重要保障[2]。
据1982年UNITAR第二届国际重质油和沥青砂学术会议[3]对非常规油的定义,非常规原油是指地层温度下脱气原油粘度大于 100 mPa·s,API°≤20的原油。……
