■ 陆梦梦/万思雨/徐景欣

（宁波大学法学院，浙江 宁波 315211）

农民住房财产权抵押问题研究
——基于宁波市江北区的调查

■ 陆梦梦/万思雨/徐景欣

（宁波大学法学院，浙江 宁波 315211）

宁波市江北区在2009年率先推行了农房抵押贷款政策，实践多年有可取的经验。研究立足于江北区的现实发展情况，基于实证调研与分析，厘清其目前在农房抵押贷款上面临的障碍，针对贷款中存在的风险提出对策与建议，探索农房抵押困境的突破路径，包括：(1)完善相关法律法规；(2)政府全面促进确权办证；(3)建立“政府-金融机构-农民”高度配合的评估机制；(4)引入风险机制多层面保障抵押物的处理；(5)完善贷款规定，进一步保障农民生活,使农民住房财产权抵押贷款试点得以稳步推进。

农民住房财产权；抵押贷款；贷款困境；突破路径；宁波；江北区

Abstract:In 2009, the policy regarding housing mortgage loan was fi rst introduced in Jiangbei District of Ningbo. Through many years practice, there are some desirable experiences. By analyzing actual development of Jiangbei District, being based on empirical research and analysis, and delineating the obstacles they face in housing mortgage loan, this paper explores ways of breaking housing mortgage dilemma. These ways include: improving relevant laws and regulations; the government must fully promote con fi rmation of real right and registration; establishing evaluation mechanism in which the coordination between government, fi nancial institutions and farmers is needed; introducing risk mechanism so as to ensure the disposal of the mortgaged property at various levels; improving lending rules and further protecting farmers' lives so as to ensure that pilot projects for the mortgage on the housing property rights of farmers can be advanced steadily.

Key words:housing property rights of farmers; mortgage loan; loan dilemma; break-through route; Ningbo; Jiangbei District

0 引言

“三农”问题一直是社会和政府关注的重点。以往农民生活、农业生产都离不开土地，而随着经济与科技的进步，农村产业结构不断调整，农业人口大量转向非农产业，由于土地的所有权性质不能发生变动，不能转让与变卖，农民的住房财产依然被捆绑在土地上，农民可用来融资的渠道实则狭隘。2015年8月，国务院发布了决定组织开展农房抵押贷款试点的指导意见，如今越来越多的试点相继落实，农房抵押贷款呈蓬勃发展的趋势。然而从早期部分试点的实践情况看，农房抵押在一些方面仍存在缺位与风险。

宁波市江北区在2009年就率先推行了农房抵押贷款政策，实践多年，具有典型性。……