赖政钢，褚淑祎，崔灵周，肖继波

（1.温州大学 生命与环境科学学院，浙江 温州 325035；2.浙江农林大学 环境与资源学院，浙江 临安311300）

文献综述

限制自养硝化反硝化工艺脱氮机制及强化研究进展

赖政钢1，褚淑祎2，崔灵周1，肖继波1

（1.温州大学 生命与环境科学学院，浙江 温州 325035；2.浙江农林大学 环境与资源学院，浙江 临安311300）

限制自养硝化反硝化（OLAND）工艺是短程硝化和厌氧氨氧化相耦合的生物脱氮工艺，与传统的生物脱氮相比，能耗低，反应时间短，污泥产量少，不需投加碳源，脱氮效率高，在较低温度下仍可正常运行，在技术研究和开发上具有良好的潜力和经济价值。基于OLAND工艺原理，从微观上分析了工艺中微生物的种类、分布及特性，从宏观上探讨了溶解氧质量浓度、底物质量浓度、pH值及温度等对OLAND脱氮过程的影响，并从提高厌氧氨氧化脱氮效率入手，讨论了添加物（竹炭、二氧化锰、铁离子等）、菌种流加技术等对工艺的强化作用。指出多因子协作及其作用机制、OLAND脱氮效率的强化措施及机制研究是今后OLAND工艺研究的重点。图2参52

生物化学；限制自养硝化反硝化；脱氮；短程硝化；厌氧氨氧化；综述

Abstract:Oxygen-limited autotrophic nitrification-denitrification （OLAND）is an new biological nitrogen removal process based on partial nitrification coupled with anaerobic ammonia oxidation.Compared with conventional biological nitrogen removal methods,OLADN has various advantages such as shorter hydraulic retention time,negligible sludge production,no need for external carbon source,higher nitrogen removal efficiency,and being able to operate stably at low temperature.Thus,OLAND has good potential and economic value in terms of technological research and development.This review focused on the microbial species,distribution and characteristics in the process at the micro level,and the effects of dissolved oxygen concentration,substrate concentration,pH and temperature on nitrogen removal at the macro level based on the nitrogen removal mechanisms of OLAND process.The strengthening effects of additives such as bamboo charcoal,MnO2and iron ions and technologies of bacteria fed to the process on nitrogen removal efficiency in the stage of anammox are also discussed.Major focus for future work will be the knowledge of multi-factor cooperation mechanism,strengthening measures and mechanisms of nitrogen removal. ［Ch， 2 fig.52 ref.］

Key words:biochemistry;OLAND;nitrogen removal;partial nitrification;anammox;review

氮是中国水体主要污染物，可引起水体富营养化并使其发黑变臭。中国在 “十二五”期间把氨氮纳入污染物总量控制指标体系，对氨氮进行重点控制。生物法是目前最常用的废水脱氮方法，通过硝化作用将氨氮转化为硝态氮，然后通过反硝化作用将硝态氮还原成为氮气，以此达到脱氮的目的。……