余爱香

高分作文的重要特征之一就是句式多变，语法活用。因此，考生在写作时要善于合理升级句式，熟练掌握润色句子的技能，交叉使用不同句型，增加句子的层次感和多样化。考生可以通过以下十大技巧升级句式，写出高分句子。

一、变成被动句

被动句在英语中使用广泛，在陈述一个客观事实时，相对于主动句，使用被动句更能够增强文章的说服力。

（建议信）I suggest that you should learn and sing Chinese songs.

→升级表达：It is suggested that you should learn and sing Chinese songs.

二、运用倒装句

倒装句是一种使句子呈现亮点的方法。在写作中常见的倒装句有以下几种：

1. 以否定词开头的部分倒装。

以never， neither， nor， seldom， rarely， by no means， hardly， scarcely， no sooner， no longer， in no way， in no case， at no time， Not only... but also， No sooner... than， Hardly ... when等否定或半否定词开头的句子。

（祝贺信表达高兴）I could hardly hold back my excitement when I heard the news that you were admitted to your ideal university.

→升级表达：Hardly could I hold back my excitement when I heard the news that you were admitted to your ideal university.

（感谢信）I will never forget your kindness and generosity.

→升級表达：Never will I forget your kindness and generosity.

（申请信）I not only have a good command of written English， but also I can speak English fairly well.

→升级表达：Not only do I have a good command of written English， but also I can speak English fairly well.

2. 以“Only+状语”开头的部分倒装。

（建议信）You can learn Chinese well only if you could take the above suggestions.

→升级表达：Only if you take the above suggestions， can you learn Chinese well.

3. so/such... that句型中的so/such位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。

（申请信）I am so interested in this job that I cant wait to apply for it.

→升级表达：So interested am I in this job that I cant wait to apply for it.

4. adj./adv. +as/though+主语+谓语+其它。

（申请信）Though I am very young， I have the confidence that I can handle this job well.

→升级表达：Young as/though I am， I have the confidence that I can handle this job well.

5. if引导的虚拟条件句将were， had， should提前时。

（建议信）If I were you， I would try to read more books and magazines in Chinese.

→升级表达：Were I you， I would try to read more books and magazines in Chinese.

三、运用感叹句

感叹句通常用于文章的开头或结尾以便活跃文章气氛，凡是“I feel... ”表达情感类的皆可用感叹句型转换。

（申请信）I am extremely delighted to learn the news that you need a secretary and I am writing to apply for it.

→升级表达：How delighted I am to learn the news that you need a secretary and I am writing to apply for it.

四、运用强调句

1. 用do / does / did 强调一般现在时或一般过去时的谓语动词。

（表达希望）I hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.

→升级表达：I do hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.endprint

2. 用强调句型强。

强调句型“it is/was +被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分”可以强调除谓语外的任何句子成分。

（感谢信）Your instructive assistance and professional advice enable me to have the precious chance to study in my ideal university.

→升级表达：It is your instructive assistance and professional advice that enable me to have the precious chance to study in my ideal university.（强调主语）

五、运用从句

从句主要包括三大从句：名词性从句，状语从句和定语从句。

1. 名词性从句的运用。

名词性从句主要包括：主語从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。其中常见的高级表达方式有：What influences /impresses /surprises /disappoints /troubles sb. is ...

（投诉信）Much to my disappointment， they did not pay any attention to my requirements.

→升级表达：

（1）What disappointed me was that they did not pay any attention to my requirements.（what 引导的主语从句）

（2）The fact that they did not pay any attention to my requirements disappointed me greatly. （同位语从句）

2. 状语从句的运用。

It was raining hard. We still kept working on the farm.

→升级表达：Although it was raining hard， we still kept working on the farm.（让步状语从句）

（2016全国卷III）We can set out early. We will have more time to read and select books.

→升级表达：We can set out early so that we will have more time to read and select books.（结果状语从句）

3. 定语从句的运用。

（自我介绍）I am Li Hua and in charge of the English Club in our school.

→升级表达：I am Li Hua， who is in charge of the English Club in our school.

（2013全国卷I）I have asked my uncle to bring you the Chinese painting. Youve asked for it before.

→升级表达：I have asked my uncle to bring you the Chinese painting（that/which）youve asked for before.

六、运用it 句型

it 在句子中充当形式主语或形式宾语，代替真正的主语或宾语。

1. it 作形式主语。

（1）It is +adj./n. +（for sb.）to do sth. /that从句

it is necessary /important /vital... ， it is a great pity /shame...

（2）It is +过去分词+that从句

it is said /believed /well-known /acknowledged /suggested that...

（道歉信）I missed such a precious chance. It was a great pity.

→升级表达： It was a great pity that I missed such a precious chance.

2. it作形式宾语。

主语+find /consider /feel /regard /make +it + adj./n. + （for sb.） to do/doing sth./that从句。

1.（申请信）I can speak English fluently， so I find to communicate with foreigners very easy.

→升级表达： I can speak English fluently， so I find it very easy to communicate with foreigners.

2.（建议信）I think that you take part in the class discussion very important.

→升级表达： I think it very important that you take part in the class discussion.endprint

七、运用虚拟语气

虚拟语气用于说话人表达并不是事实的情况，作用是表达假设、愿望、怀疑和推测。

（感谢信） Thanks to your selfless help， I finally made great progress in my English.

→升级表达

①But for/ Without your selfless help， I wouldnt have finally made great progress in my English.

②If it had not been for your help， I wouldnt have finally made great progress in my English.

（2008全国卷建议信）You should make more Chinese friends to improve your Chinese.

→升级表达：If I were you， I would make more Chinese friends to improve my Chinese.

（投诉信）It is time for you to take measures to deal with these problems.

→升级表达： It is（high）time that you should take /took measures to deal with these problems.

八、运用分词结构

1. 分词作定语。

（求助信）I am confronted with some serious problems which trouble me a lot.

→升级表达： I am confronted with some serious problems troubling me a lot.

2. 分词作状语。

（求助信）Because I have been faced with the above problems， I am writing to ask for your assistance.

→升级表达： Having been faced with the above problems， I am writing to ask for your assistance.

2.（申请信）I am an out-going person， so it makes it easier for me to get along well with others.

→升级表达： I am an out-going person， making it easier for me to get along well with others.

九、插入语的使用

适当加一些插入语也可以丰富句式，寫出新意。一些短句、副词、介词、分词短语或者动词不定式都可以放到句子中充当语气较弱的插入语。常用插入语有： I am sure， I hope， I guess， I think， whats more， whats worse， what is important， luckily， undoubtedly， obviously， hopefully， by the way， in short， generally speaking， to tell you the truth， to be honest等等。

（建议信）I hope the above suggestions will be of great help to you.

→升级表达The above suggestions， I hope， will be of great use to you.

This activity can help students cultivate their awareness of cooperation and have a further understanding of Chinese traditional culture.

→升级表达This activity can help students cultivate their awareness of cooperation and， more importantly， have a further understanding of Chinese traditional culture.

十、运用With 结构

（2015全国卷II） As the Double Ninth Day is drawing closer/approaching， we are scheduled to visit the Nursing Home on that day.

→升级表达：With the Double Ninth Day drawing closer /approaching， we are scheduled to visit the Nursing Home on that day.

牛刀小试：按要求升级下列句子。

1.（2017全国卷I）I will give the lesson from 9：00 a.m. to 11：30 a.m. next Sunday in the classroom 201.

→（用被动语态）_________________________________endprint

2.（感谢信）I could adapt to the American life quickly because of your selfless help.

→（用虚拟语气）_________________________________

→（用with 结构）_________________________________

→（用强调句）___________________________________

3.（2017全国卷I）As we know， Tang Poetry is one of the Chinese precious traditional cultural relics and also has a far-reaching effect on the cultural development in the world.

→（用not only...but also倒装）______________________

→（用非限制性定语从句）_________________________

→（用同位语）___________________________________

4.（2017全国卷II）I am sure that the paper-cutting exhibition will leave a wonderful impression on you.

→（插入语）_____________________________________

5.（2017全国卷III）The sport of table tennis can not only prevent us students from getting short-sighted， but it can also help us keep physically and mentally healthy.

→（用倒装句）___________________________________

6.（2016全国卷II）Our school photography club is going to hold an International Photography Show. The theme of the show is environmental protection.

→（用定语从句合并）_____________________________

→（用with结构合并）_____________________________

7.（2016全国卷III）I feel awfully sorry to tell you that I cant go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.

→（用感叹句）___________________________________

8.（2017年全國卷II）Now I am glad to tell you there will be a Chinese paper-cutting exhibition which is held by our school.

→（用非谓语）___________________________________

9.（求职信）I have rich experience of social practice and great communicative competence， so I firmly believe that I can be qualified for the job.

→（用分词作状语）_______________________________

→（用with 结构）_________________________________

10.（感谢信）You are very kind and generous to help me a lot during my stay in Almeria.

→（用it 作形式主语）_____________________________

11.（2012全国卷II生日聚会）At first， we will light the candles and sing the song“Happy Birthday”together for him. After that， we will enjoy the birthday cake and have fun together.

→（用被动语态，定语从句改写句子）_______________

_____________________________________________________

12.（2016全国卷III） It is a great pity that I cant go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.

→（用感叹句）___________________________________

参考答案：

1.（用被动语态）The lesson will be given from 9：00 a.m. to 11：30 a.m. next Sunday in the classroom 201.endprint