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不同试验条件对藻蓝蛋白提取效率的影响

2017-09-09张子墨张发宇范帆

湖北农业科学 2017年15期

张子墨+张发宇+范帆

摘要:以实验室培养的水华蓝藻单种[铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa,M.A)、水华微囊藻(Microcystis flos-aquae,M.F)、惠氏微囊藻(Microcystis wesenbergii,M.W)、魚腥藻(Anabaena sp,A.s)]以及野外新鲜水华蓝藻为研究对象,通过设置不同细胞破碎方法和提取剂种类,筛选并优化藻蓝蛋白荧光分析法的前处理技术。结果表明,冻融试验中,冷冻温度与提取剂添加顺序对蓝藻细胞破碎率无显著影响;以去离子水为提取剂时,冻融2次即可达到最佳破壁条件;在冻干试验中,蓝藻真空抽滤在滤膜上能提高蓝藻细胞的破碎率;综合比较冻融和冻干,后者对蓝藻细胞的破碎效率高于前者;对比3种提取剂对藻蓝蛋白的提取效率,去离子水对藻蓝蛋白的提取效率最高。

关键词:藻蓝蛋白;铜绿微囊藻;反复冻融;冷冻干燥

中图分类号:X835 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)15-2921-05

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.15.031

Abstract: The cyanobacteria cultured in the laboratory(Microcystis aeruginosa,Microcystis flos-aquae,Microcystis wesenbergii and Anabaena sp) and fresh blue algae were used as the research object,by intercalating different cell disruption method. The results showed thatin freeze thawing experiments,the freezing temperature and the adding order of the extracting agent had no significant effect on the rate of breaking. Using deionized water as the extraction agent, freezed thawing two times can be used as a selection. In the freeze-drying experiment,cyanobacteria vacuum filtration can improve the crushing rate of the cyanobacteria cells. Comprehensive comparison of freeze thaw and freeze drying, the latter on cyanobacterial cell crushing efficiency was higher than that of the former. Compared with the extraction efficiency of the three extracts, the results showed that the extraction efficiency of the phycocyanin by the water was the highest.

Key words: phycocyanin;Microcystis aeruginosa;repeated freezing and thawing;freeze drying

藻蓝蛋白(Phycocyanin,PC)是一种水溶性的蓝藻辅助色素,具有荧光特性[1],是水华蓝藻所特有的光合色素,能够用来表征蓝藻的生物量[2]。目前,常用于检测藻蓝蛋白的分光光度法灵敏度不高,当样品中藻蓝蛋白含量为10 μg/L时,难以检出[3]。高效液相色谱法检测限低,灵敏度很高,但前处理过程复杂,成本高[4]。而荧光检测法灵敏度较高,需要的样品量少,相比较而言更经济快捷[5]。Kasinak等[6]和Lee等[7]的研究表明用荧光法测得的藻蓝蛋白浓度与蓝藻生物量之间有很强的相关性。除此之外,关于蓝藻活体荧光或藻蓝蛋白荧光与蓝藻生物量之间定量关系的研究也有较多报道[8-13]。

藻蓝蛋白荧光检测法需要对蓝藻细胞进行预处理,包括藻细胞的破碎和藻蓝蛋白的提取。……

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