乌仁套迪+白俊艳+道勒玛

摘要：通过对不同产地、不同性别、不同年龄阿拉善双峰驼驼绒细度的分析，为阿拉善双峰驼的进一步选育提供参考。结果表明，公驼驼绒细度显著高于母驼驼绒细度，银根苏木双峰驼驼绒细度极显著高于敖伦布拉格镇、吉兰泰镇和巴彦诺尔公苏木驼绒细度，而敖伦布拉格镇、吉兰泰镇和巴彦诺尔公苏木这3个产地的阿拉善双峰驼绒细度均在18 μm以下，且无显著差异。3、4、5和6岁阿拉善双峰驼的驼绒细度显著高于2岁阿拉善双峰驼绒细度，且显著低于7、8、9和10岁阿拉善双峰驼的驼绒细度。

关键词：阿拉善双峰驼；驼绒细度；性别；年龄；产地

中图分类号：S824 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）15-2913-03

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.15.029

Abstract： To provide reference for further breeding of Alashan bactrian camel， the fineness of Alashan bactrian camel of different regions， different genders， different ages were investigated. The results showed that， the fineness of male camel were significantly higher than that of female camel. The fineness of Alashan bactrian camel in Monetary area was significantly higher than that in Aolunbulage town， Jilantai town and Bayannuoergong town， and the fineness was all below 18 and had no significant difference in the 3 towns. The camel fineness of Alashan bactrian camel at 3， 4， 5 and 6 age was significantly higher than that at 2 age， but was significantly lower than that at 7， 8， 9 and 10 age.

Key words： Alashan Bactrian camel； fineness； gender； age； region

阿拉善双峰驼是中国历史悠久、数量最多的古老骆驼品种，主要分布在内蒙古阿拉善左旗、阿拉善右旗、乌兰察布盟、伊克昭盟以及巴彦淖尔盟等地[1]。驼毛绒是双峰驼的重要产品，驼毛绒具有细、柔、轻、滑、保暖性强等优良特性[2]，骆驼的被毛分为驼绒和粗毛[3]。廉凌云等[4]研究表明，双峰驼绒与羊驼绒和牦牛绒相比较有以下特点：更细、更均一、鳞片结构更完整，但是双峰驼绒在细度上还是不如山羊绒，毛绒在毛纺工业上是贵重的原料，工艺性很高。这种毛纤维质量的好坏，在很大程度上决定骆驼的品质好坏。目前对于双峰驼的研究主要集中在生長发育[5]、乳制品[6]、血液生理特性[7]、血液蛋白[8]、驼肉[9]、遗传多样性[10]、聚类分析[11，12]、体尺的影响因素[13]等方面，在双峰驼的驼绒方面研究不多，因此本研究通过对阿拉善双峰驼不同产地驼绒细度进行比较分析研究，为阿拉善双峰驼的进一步选育提供参考依据。……