植物营养剂对番茄产量和品质的影响
2017-09-09彭亮孙智明卢成合
彭亮+孙智明+卢成合
摘要:采用田间试验和仪器分析方法,研究了植物营养剂对番茄产量和品质的影响。结果表明,植物营养剂处理的番茄产量和品质显著高于叶面肥绿芬威、诺翠丰和清水对照。其中植物营养剂处理的番茄单果质量、单株产量、番茄红素含量和维生素C含量相比清水对照分别提高了9.5%、34.5%、82.6%、46.1%,增加了糖酸比,改善了果实口感,同时降低了果实的硝酸盐含量,提高了果实品质。
关键词:植物营养剂;番茄;产量;品质
中图分类号:S641.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)15-2902-02
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.15.026
Abstract: The field experiment and instrument analytical method were conducted to study the effects of the plant nutrition on the field and quality of tomatoes. The results showed that the yield and quality of treatment applying the plant nutrition were significantly higher than the treatments including applying water, Green Fenway and Nutrivant. Compared with the contrast, one single fruit weight, yield per plant, lycopene content and vitamin C content of treatment applying the plant nutrition increased by 9.5%, 34.5%, 82.6% and 46.1% respectively. By applying the plant nutrition, the sugar acid ratio increased so as to improve the taste, and the nitrate content reduced to improve the fruit quality.
Key words: plant nutrition; tomato; yield; quality
植物營养剂为长沙学院植物工程研究室利用柑橘内生枯草芽孢杆菌YS-45发酵豆粕产生的一种富含必需氨基酸和多肽,以及多种微量元素Mn、Zn、Mg、B的叶面肥。先后在小白菜、水蜜桃、辣椒、梨上进行了试验,结果表明,该植物营养剂在上述农作物的产量和品质改良方面都具有显著效果[1-4]。植物营养剂属于生物型叶面肥,叶面施肥可使营养物质从叶部进入植株体内,直接参与作物的新陈代谢与有机物的合成过程;叶面施肥不但可以被植物吸收运转,并且在吸收速率上明显优于土壤施肥,国内外很多科研及生产应用将叶面肥作为研究热点。
番茄是中国栽培面积最大的蔬菜之一,其生长发育旺盛,产量高,对矿物质元素的需求量大。果实富含维生素C、可溶性糖、有机酸及钙、磷、铁等矿物质,有极高的营养价值,成熟番茄中含有的番茄红素具有强抗氧化能力,能有效降低癌症、心血管等多种疾病的发生,是目前功能食品、药品研究的热点[5]。……
