湖北省蚕桑产业发展回顾与展望
2017-09-09周建华
摘要:简述了湖北省蚕桑产业发展历史、变迁及现状,分析了劳动力缺少导致桑园面积、养蚕发种量有所减少,蚕桑基础条件薄弱和技术力量不足导致新技术推广受影响,财政支持不足、加工企业投入机制不健全致使蚕桑发展政策乏力等挑战;提出了构建蚕桑轻简省力高效饲养技术体系、提高蚕桑产业比较经济效益,发展茧丝绸加工业、延长蚕桑产业链、增强蚕桑产业发展后劲,加强蚕桑产业技术研发、夯实蚕桑产业发展基础等建议。
关键词:蚕桑产业;发展;湖北省
中图分类号:S88 文献标识码:B 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)15-2880-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.15.021
Abstract: The history, evolution and the present situation of the sericulture industry development in Hubei province were sketched. The challenges as following were analyzed, such as the lack of labor led to the area of mulberry field and the amount of silkworm breeding decreased; as weak silkworm breeding condition and lack of technical, the promotion of new technologies was affected; on account of the lack of financial support and imperfect investment mechanism of processing enterprise, the development policy of sericulture was anemic, and so on. It was proposed that the construction of sericulture labor saving should be established and the economic benefit of sericulture industry comparison should be improved, the industrial chain should be extended, the sericulture industry development potential should be enhanced, the sericulture technology research and the development of sericulture industry base should be strengthened.
Key words: sericulture industry; development; Hubei province
蚕桑业是中国具有传统优势的特色产业,也是外向型创汇产业。过去通过丝绸之路在全世界传播中华文明,繁荣中国经济,今天,丝绸在国民经济和社会发展中仍然有着非常重要的地位。“一带一路”的提出是中国传统产业对世界经济的新贡献,必将在国家“十三五”期间实施精准扶贫、产业扶贫战略中发挥重要作用。湖北省处于中国地势第二级阶梯向第三级阶梯过渡地带,地貌类型多样,山地、丘陵、岗地和平原兼备。属北亚热带季风气候,具有从亚热带向暖温带过渡的特征。湖北省除高山地区外,大部分为亚热带季风性湿润气候,光能充足,热量丰富,无霜期长,降水充沛,雨热同季,利于农业生产,有“湖广熟,天下足”的民谚,是全国蚕业区划中最适宜发展蚕桑生产的地区之一[1]。蚕桑产业一直是湖北省秦巴山、大别山和武陵山等集中连片贫困地区农村经济发展和农民增收的重要支柱型产业。……
