负载型纳米零价铁对硝基苯的还原及铁形态变化
2017-09-09张瑞敏韩承辉戚琳
张瑞敏+韩承辉+戚琳
摘要:以短孔道有序介孔氧化硅材料Zr-Ce-SBA-15为载体,采用等体积浸渍-气相还原法制备铁硅摩尔比为0.15的纳米零价铁复合材料NZVI/Zr-Ce-SBA-15。以硝基苯(NB)为目标污染物考察复合材料对环状硝基化合物的还原性能,并对复合材料中铁粒子的存在形态进行分析。结果表明,复合材料比未负载纳米零价铁对NB具有更好的还原性能。NB溶液初始浓度为20 mg/L,复合材料投加量为1 g/L,反应12 h时溶液中NB的去除率可达93.6%,苯胺为最终还原产物。反应前材料中的铁以α-Fe0的形式存在,反应后大部分以非晶态铁氧化物的形式附着在材料的铁颗粒表面。
关键词:有序介孔氧化硅材料;纳米零价铁;硝基苯;还原;非晶态铁氧化物
中图分类号:TB838;X703 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)15-2846-04
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.15.013
Abstract: A novel platelet SBA-15(Zr-Ce-SBA-15) with short and parallel channels has been synthesized through hydrothermal routes. Fe(15% Fe/Si atomic ratio) was loaded on Zr-Ce-SBA-15 via wet impregnation followed by H2 reduction process. Nitrobenzene(NB) was selected as a model compound to examine the reduction ability of supported and non-supported nanoscale zero-value iron (NZVI). Results indicate that the NZVI supported on the mesoporous material had much higher reduction reactivity for NB than that of non-supported NZVI. The removal efficiency of NB achieved to 93.6% in the liquid conducted with this composite after 12 h of reaction,when the dosage of composite was 1 g/L,NB initial concentration was 20 mg/L. Aniline was the final reductive product. The NZVI supported on the mesoporous material existed in the form of body-centered cubic ɑ-Fe0 before reaction. After reaction, the most of the iron particles existed in the form of amorphous iron oxide and still adsorbed on the surface of iron particles rather than dissolved in the solution.
Key words: ordered mesoporous silica; iron nanoparticles; nitrobenzene; reduction; amorphous iron oxide
纳米零价铁(NZVI)因具有反应活性高、价格低廉、对环境友好等显著优点而被广泛应用于环境污染修复中。目前,NZVI在降解有机卤代物[1-3]、还原硝基芳香族化合物[4,5]以及有毒重金属离子的去除等方面[6-8]都取得了良好的效果。但是纳米零价铁颗粒极易团聚且在空气中容易氧化的特性影响其高性能的发挥。近年来,为改善NZVI的分散性和稳定性,采用具有高比表面积的多孔材料负载零价铁颗粒成为本领域国内外的研究热点。这些研究所用的载体包括氧化硅[9]、活性炭[10]、碳黑[11]、离子交换树脂[12]、有机膨润土[13]等。
有序介孔硅材料比表面积大、孔径均匀可调、水热稳定性高,成为研究较多的载体之一[14]。近年来,Saad等[15]研究表明,采用有序介孔硅材料为载体合成的复合材料中,纳米零价铁可均匀分散在载体上,大大提高了对污染物的降解速率。……
