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城市平交口偏置右转专用车道长度计算方法

2017-09-03胡功宏

胡功宏

摘 要:为了解决城市道路平面交叉口右转车辆同直行车辆的相互干扰,提高交叉口的通行能力,以偏置右转专用车道为研究对象。在国内外研究现状调研的基础上,通过对其交通运行情况进行现场交通观测调查,重点对高密度状态下的右转车流转弯过程进行了微观分析,采用车流波动理论推算排队向上游延伸的最远距离,从而提出了偏置右转专用车道长度的新算法。为城市道路平面交叉口偏置右转专用车道长度设计提供了可靠的依据,有利于减少车辆在交叉口的停车延误,缓解城市交叉口当前的交通拥堵现象。

关键词:城市交通;通行能力;设计速度;右转车道;减速长度

中图分类号: U412.351 文献标志码:A

文章编号:1672-1098(2017)05-0014-04

Abstract:In order to solve the interference between right-turning vehicles and going-straight vehicles at the intersection of the urban road intersection and improve the traffic capacity of the intersection, the offset right-turn lane was chosen as the research object. Traffic investigation about traffic operation performance of exclusive right-turn lane in urban road intersection had been constructed on the basis of reviewing the domestic and foreign research. The characteristics of high-density right-turn traffic flows curve process were micro-analyzed. The traffic flow wave theory was used to calculate the maximum queuing length upstream. Based on these, this paper proposed the new length computational method of the offset exclusive right-turn lanes which provided the reliable reference base for the length design of offset exclusive right-turn lanes in urban road intersections. It is also beneficial to improving the traffic capacity at urban road intersections and relieving the traffic jam.

Key words:urban traffic; traffic capacity; design speed; right-turn lane; slow down length

城市道路平面交叉口是城市道路网的节点,是城市中各种车流以及行人交通流分离、交汇的转换点,也是城市道路网的瓶颈路段。近年来,随着城市化进程的深入,机动车拥有量急剧增长,城市交通拥堵现象越来越严重,尽管城市交通基础设施建设与交通管理控制在不断完善,但仍然解决不了交通拥堵现象。由于城市用地紧张,不可能无限制的拓建道路,因而交叉口局部拓宽设置偏置右转专用车道的设计是目前城市为缓解交叉口交通拥堵问题的最常用方法,但是经过多年的应用观察,其缓解实际交通拥挤的效果却不甚理想。据调查,许多交叉口因偏置右转专用车道设计长度满足不了日益增长的交通需求,导致右转车流不仅受到非机动车与行人交通流的干扰,而且与直行车辆相互干扰严重,造成交通堵塞。……

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