庄宿国 张亚 陈杰 王良

摘 要：为了准确地研究型线变化规律对诱导轮性能的影响，采用4种典型的型线变化规律分别设计了四台变螺距诱导轮，分析了型线变化规律对诱导轮的能量特性和空化特性的影响，并给出了诱导轮设计过程中型线变化规律的选择依据。通过仿真分析研究了空化发生过程中，气泡在诱导轮压力面和吸力面间的生长分布情况，捕捉到了在NPSHa不断下降过程中，空泡在叶片间发生、蔓延及阻塞等特征，并通过切割诱导轮流道，研究了诱导轮进出口流道能量变化过程。最终，根据设计要求，对一台离心泵进行了诱导轮设计，试验结果表明：离心泵的空化性能得到明显的改善，配置诱导轮后泵机组必需空化余量约为0.414m。

关键词：离心泵；诱导轮；型线变化规律；数值模拟；试验验证

中图分类号： TH311 文献标志码：A

文章编号：1672-1098（2017）05-0063-07

Abstract：The inducer plays a significant role in pump industry， since it is able to keep the pump of high head-rise performance even in severe cavitating conditions. As a consequence， for the purpose of improving the reliability and effect of variable pitch inducer， this paper studied the influence of the variation of four common type lines on inducer performance. Based on these type lines， four variable pitch inducers are designed， and the numerical simulations are performed to study the characteristic of both non-cavitation state and cavitation state， and the selection criterion of the line in the design process of the inducer is given. Through simulation analysis， the study is as follows： the growth and distribution of bubbles between the pressure surface and the suction surface of the inducer， and in the process of declining NPSHa， the occurrence， spreading and blocking of vacuoles in the leaves， and the energy change process of the inlet and outlet of the inducer is studied by cutting the induction turns. Eventually， according to the design requirements， a inducer is designed. The experimental results show that the cavitation performance of centrifugal pump is significantly improved， the required cavitation is about 0.414m.

Key words：centrifugal pump； inducer； variation of type line； numerical simulation； test verification

誘导轮属于轴流式叶轮，用于提高离心泵的空化性能，其本身也可以在一定程度的空化状态下工作。在改善泵空化性能的诸多措施中，加装诱导轮效果显著[1-2]，诱导轮技术最早应用于德国V2导弹，随着航天技术的不断发展，已广泛应用于化工、船舶以及航空航天等领域[3-4]。国外学者主要针对诱导轮的设计参数方面开展了大量研究，文献[5]研究了诱导轮进口修圆及进口边削尖对诱导轮空化性能的影响，研究表明随着后掠角的增大，诱导轮的最大效率点向后移动，进口边削尖对额定工况下诱导轮空化性能的改善较为显著。……