紫草的乙醇提取及其紫外可见光谱研究
2017-08-13李邦玉刘臣
李邦玉 刘臣



摘要[目的]用乙醇提取紫草中乙醇可溶成分,研究其紫外可见光谱性质。[方法]以95%乙醇为溶剂,室温浸提紫草,旋转蒸发浓缩,得紫草乙醇提取物,薄层色谱分析成分。定性研究浓度、酸碱度、氧化剂、自由基、紫外光、溶剂、温度和时间等对乙醇提取物的紫外可见光谱的影响。[结果]薄层色谱分析获得5种主要成分,紫外可见光谱分析有4个特征吸收峰,溶液温度及加热时间、紫外光照射、自由基、氧化剂、酸度对该提取物特征吸收峰位置没有明显影响;碱度和金属离子改变了其特征吸收峰位置。[结论]该研究为紫草的应用提供了一定的理论依据。
关键词 紫草;乙醇提取物;紫外可见光谱
中图分类号 S567.23+9 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2017)03-0150-04
Abstract[Objective] The ethanol extract of Lithospermum erythrorhizon was obtained to study its UV Vis spectra property. [Method] The ethanol extract was obtained by extraction with 95% ethanol and rotary evaporation. And the chemical compositions of extract were analyzed by using thin layer chromatography. The effect of concentration, acid and alkali, oxidizing agent, free radical, UV light, solvent, temperature and time etc. on the UV Vis spectra of the extract was qualitatively studied. [Result] Five main components were obtained by thin layer chromatography analysis and four characteristic absorption peaks were found by the UV Vis Spectrum analysis. The characteristic absorption peak of the extract had not been changed by concentration, temperature, time, UV irradiation, free radical, oxidizing agent and acid, but changed by alkali and metal ions. [Conclusion] The study can provide a certain theoretical basis for application of L. erythrorhizon.
Key words Lithospermum erythrorhizon;Ethanol extract;UV Vis Spectrum
紫草最早記載于《神农本草经》,归肝、心经,性寒,味甘、咸,中医临床用于治疗血热毒盛、水火烫伤等症。紫草化学成分丰富,大致可分为脂溶性成分和水溶性成分。脂溶性成分以萘醌类紫草素及其衍生物为主,水溶性成分主要为酸性多糖和酚酸等。近年来研究发现,其有效成分萘醌类色素具有抗病毒、抑菌方面的药理作用[1]。紫草成分的提取方法主要有乙醇提取法、高压提取、超声波提取技术、亚临界水提取法、匀浆提取法等[2-3]。不同方法提取出来的紫草提取物成分不一,药性不同,稳定性存在差异[4-6]。笔者利用传统的乙醇提取法从紫草药材中提取乙醇溶解物,试图通过紫外可见光谱进行表征,同时考察浓度、酸碱度、氧化剂、自由基、金属离子、溶剂、紫外光、温度等对提取物的紫外可见特征光谱的影响,为紫草的进一步应用研究提供基础数据。……
