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超声波辅助提取虫草参多糖及其抗氧化能力研究

2017-08-13周康韩航王伟

安徽农业科学 2017年3期

周康 韩航 王伟

摘要[目的]研究虫草参多糖的提取工艺,并考察其抗氧化能力。[方法]采用超声波辅助提取虫草参多糖,在单因素试验的基础上进行正交试验,确定虫草参多糖的最佳提取工艺,并考察虫草参多糖的抗氧化能力。[结果]虫草参多糖的最佳提取工艺为超声功率500 W、提取时间40 min、液料比40∶1,在此条件下多糖提取率为60.94%;各影响因素主次顺序依次为超声功率、液料比、提取时间。所得虫草参多糖对羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、DPPH·自由基均具有一定的清除能力。[结论]虫草参多糖具有一定的抗氧化作用,能延缓自由基对人体细胞的损伤。

关键词 虫草参;多糖;超声波辅助提取;工艺优化;抗氧化性

中图分类号 S567.2 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2017)03-0135-03

Abstract[Objective] To study the extraction process of polysaccharide from Cordyceps sinensis, and investigate its antioxidant capacity. [Method] Polysaccharides were extracted from C. sinensis assisted by ultrasonic, orthogonal experiment was carried out based on single factor test. The optimum extraction conditions were determined and antioxidant capacity of polysaccharide from C. sinensis were investigated. [Result] The yield of polysaccharide was 60.94% under the optimum conditions of ultrasonic power 500 W, extraction time 40 min, liquidsolid ratio 40∶1;The influencing factors were in order as ultrasonic power, liquidsolid ratio, extraction time. Hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion radicals and DPPH·radicals can be scavenged by C. sinensis polysaccharide within a certain range.[Conclusion] Polysaccharide from C. sinensis has a certain antioxidant capacity, which can delay free radical damage to human cells.

Key words Cordyceps sinensis;Polysaccharide;Ultrasonic assisted extraction;Process optimization;Antioxidant

蟲草参又名地参,属唇形科多年生药食两用草本植物,是一种地下茎长5~6 cm的肉质环形参,广泛分布于西南等少数民族地区,喜温耐寒,素来享有“山中之王”的美誉[1-2]。中医认为其具有活血调经、祛瘀消痈、利水消肿等功效,在《中药大辞典》中就有提神醒脑、调血脂、补肾虚的功效记载[3]。虫草参中糖类及氨基酸等活性物质含量丰富,具有降血糖、降血脂、抗氧化、促消化等功效[1,4-7]。目前,虫草参多糖的提取方法主要是热水提取,能耗较高,而超声技术在中药活性成分提取分离中的应用将显著提高提取率,降低能耗。笔者采用超声波辅助提取虫草参多糖,在单因素试验的基础上进行正交试验,确定虫草参多糖的最佳提取工艺,并考察其抗氧化能力,以期为虫草参加工利用提供数据积累。……

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