刘国华 汪蕾 张军翔

摘要[目的]探讨遮光处理对干红葡萄酒挥发性风味物质的影响，为葡萄酒的生产提供科学依据。[方法]以酿酒葡萄赤霞珠和蛇龙珠为材料，对其果实进行遮光处理，以常规管理果实为对照，分析遮光处理对干红葡萄酒香气品质的影响。[结果]从葡萄酒中共检测出包括烃类、醛类、酯类、醇类、酮类、酸类、醚类等挥发性风味成分，其香气特点不是由某个或某类香气成分产生的，而是各种香气成分平衡作用的结果。[结论]遮光处理可抑制样品酿酒葡萄果实醇类物质的释放，促进醛类物质释放。

关键词 酿酒葡萄；赤霞珠；蛇龙珠；遮光处理；风味物质

中图分类号 TS262.6 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）03-0092-03

Abstract[Objective] To discuss the effect of shading on volatile flavor compounds in dry red wine，and to provide scientific basis for production of wine.[Method] Two cultivars Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Gernischt were shaded by bagging，and using those with conventional cultivation and management as controls，the effects of shading treatment on aroma compounds were examined.[Result] Volatile flavor compounds including hydrocarbons，aldehydes，esters，alcohols，ketones，and acids were identified in dry red wine.The aroma characteristics of dry red wine were not produced by a certain aroma volatile or class of aroma volatiles，but was the comprehensive result of all aroma compounds.[Conclusion] The analysis of aroma compounds showed that shading could inhibit the release of alcohols，and enhance the release of aldehydes.

Key words Wine grape；Cabernet Sauvignon；Cabernet Gernischt；Shading treatment；Flavor substance

酿酒葡萄的香气是决定葡萄酒风味的重要因素之一。适宜的栽培环境和科学的栽培管理技术是保证酿酒葡萄品质的重要基础[1]，其次是通过工艺使潜存于葡萄原料中的优良品质得以充分表现[2]。近年来，提高酿酒葡萄品质的研究备受国内外学者关注[3]。水分、光照和温度等都是影响葡萄果实品质的主要因素[4]。蛇龙珠、赤霞珠均属于欧亚种，是法国的古老品种，适宜在炎热的砂砾土质中生长，该品种在宁夏地区独特的地理环境和气候因素条件下，经过长期的自然杂交和人为选择，成为我国特有的优良酿酒红葡萄品种[5-7]。

葡萄酒中的香气成分是构成葡萄酒质量的主要因素之一，决定着葡萄酒的风味和典型性[8]，在酿酒葡萄新品系选育过程中已作为一项重要参考指标。……