赵榆 刘中华 杨海荣

摘要[目的]研究重鉻酸钾和3，5-二氯苯酚对羊角月牙藻和斜生栅藻的毒性效应。[方法]以羊角月牙藻和斜生柵藻为试验绿藻，进行了重铬酸钾和3，5-二氯苯酚为参比物的72 h毒性试验。[结果]重铬酸钾对羊角月牙藻的72 h EyC50为1.02 mg/L，95%置信区间为0.98～1.06 mg/L；EryC50为2.48 mg/L，95%置信区间为2.25～2.74 mg/L。3，5-二氯苯酚对羊角月牙藻的72 h EyC50为1.12 mg/L，95%置信区间为1.08～1.16 mg/L；EryC50为2.41 mg/L，95%置信区间为2.22～2.62 mg/L。重铬酸钾对斜生栅藻的72 h EyC50为0.43 mg/L，95%置信区间为0.42～0.43 mg/L；EryC50为1.07 mg/L，95%置信区间为1.02～1.12 mg/L。添加不同初始藻浓度，初始量为0.5×104个/mL时，3，5-二氯苯酚对斜生栅藻的72 h EyC50为1.68 mg/L，95%置信区间为1.63～1.72 mg/L；EryC50为1.43 mg/L，95%置信区间为1.42～1.44 mg/L。初始量为1.0×104个/mL时，3，5-二氯苯酚对斜生栅藻的72 h EyC50为1.55 mg/L，95%置信区间为1.51～1.60 mg/L；EryC50为1.39 mg/L，95%置信区间为1.38～1.40 mg/L。[结论]重铬酸钾和3，5-二氯苯酚可以作为参比物来评价绿藻的敏感度。

关键词 羊角月牙藻；斜生栅藻；重铬酸钾；3，5-二氯苯酚

中图分类号 X835 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）03-0058-03

Abstract[Objective] To study toxic effects of potassium bichromate and 3，5dichlorophenol on growth of Selenastrum capricornutum and Scenedesmus obliquus. [Method] Growth inhibition test of potassium bichromate and 3，5dichlorophenol was conducted with Selenastrum capricornutum and Scenedesmus obliquus over the 72hour test period. [Result] Based on the results， the 72hour EyC50 of Potassium bichromate to Selenastrum capricornutum was 1.02 mg/L and 95% confidence limit was 0.98-1.06 mg/L. The 72hour ErC50 was 2.48 mg/L and 95% confidence limit was 2.25-2.74 mg/L. The 72hour EyC50 of 3， 5dichlorophenol to Selenastrum capricornutum was 1.12 mg/L and 95% confidence limit was 1.08-1.16 mg/L. The 72hour ErC50 was 2.41 mg/L and 95% confidence limit was 2.22-2.62 mg/L.The 72hour EyC50 of Potassium bichromate to Scenedesmus obliquus was 0.426 mg/L and 95% confidence limit was 0.418-0.434 mg/L. The 72hour ErC50 was 1.07 mg/L and 95% confidence limit was 1.02-1.12 mg/L. For the initial biomass （0.5×104 ind/ml） in the test cultures， the 72hour EyC50 of 3， 5dichlorophenol to Scenedesmus obliquus was 1.68 mg/L and 95% confidence limit was 1.63-1.72 mg/L. The 72hour ErC50 was 1.43 mg/L and 95% confidence limit was 1.42-1.44 mg/L. For the initial biomass （1.0×104 ind/ml） in the test cultures， the 72hour EyC50 of 3， 5dichlorophenol to Scenedesmus obliquus was 1.55 mg/L and 95% confidence limit was 1.51-1.60 mg/L. The 72hour ErC50 was 1.39 mg/L and 95% confidence limit was 1.38-1.40 mg/L. [Conclusion] Potassium bichromate and 3，5dichlorophenol can be used as reference compound on evaluating sensitivity of green alga.

Key words Selenastrum capricornutum； Scenedesmus obliquus； Potassium bichromate； 3， 5dichlorophenol

在环境评价领域，传统的理化测试指标存在一些缺陷，因此，需要寻找合适的测试生物作为环境污染的评价指标。藻类个体小、繁殖快、比表面积大（仅次于细菌），对毒物敏感。在研究毒物对水生生态系统的影响时，人们都把藻类测试作为一项重要内容[1]，藻类有着独特的生物监测优点，与理化监测互补，可进一步提高预测生态系统反应的能力，藻类作为环境监测指示生物方面的研究已被各国学者所广泛关注[2]。

当前我国生产和销售的化学品已达30 000余种，各种化学品在生产和使用过程中必将进入环境，而水域往往是它们的最终归宿。我国是一个农业大国，大量使用农药，农药污染对水生生态系统有着严重影响[3]。……