沈铮 肖胜 王宝峰

摘要[目的]研究不同种类叶面肥对烤烟农艺性状及抗病性的影响。[方法]以烤烟品种云烟97为研究材料，通过田间试验研究不同种类叶面肥对烤烟农艺性状、花叶病抗性、赤星病抗性、气候斑病抗性、黑胫病抗性的影响。[结果]施用维果7号处理的烟叶农艺性状表现在各处理中相对较好，施用铜大师+大师兄处理的烟叶花叶病、赤星病、气候斑病、黑胫病等病害发病率及病情指数较低，综合防效相对较好。[结论]该研究为武隆烟区筛选出一种抗病性较好的叶面肥，为改善烟叶品质、提高烟农收入提供了理论基础。

关键词 烤烟；农艺性状；花叶病；赤星病；气候斑；黑胫病

中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）03-0019-04

Abstract[Objective] To research the effects of different kinds of foliar fertilizers on the agronomic characters and disease resistance of fluecured tobacco. [Method] With fluecured tobacco variety Yunyan 97 as the research material， field experiment was carried out to research the effects of different kinds of foliar fertilizers on the agronomic characters of fluecured tobacco， and its resistances to mosaic disease， brown spot， black shank and weather fleck. [Result]Tobacco leaves in treatment of applying Viggo 7 had relatively good agronomic characters；treatment of applying copper master + big brother showed relatively low incidence rate and disease index of mosaic disease， brown spot， black shank and weather fleck， and realtively good integrated control effects. [Conclusion] This research selects relatively good foliar fertilizer in Wulong Tobacco Area， and provides theoretical basis for improving tobacco leaf quality and enhancing the income of tobacco farmers.

Key words Fluecured tobacco；Agronomic characters；Mosaic disease；Brown spot；Weather fleck；Black shank

烤煙是典型的叶用型经济作物，对营养元素的需求量较高。维护烟草健康的要点之一就是注重营养平衡，它不仅影响烤烟的生长和生理，而且影响其抗病性及产质量[1-2]。叶面肥因其养分吸收快、肥效好、针对性强、利用率高、施用方法简便等特点，已成为农业生产中一项不可或缺的技术措施，喷施叶面肥的主要作用就是通过叶面营养来维护作物营养平衡，实现增产保质的目的[3-4]。王家盛等[5]研究了不同种类叶面肥对小麦产量的影响，结果表明：叶面喷肥是土壤施肥的有效辅助手段，后期叶面喷肥可及时补充小麦根系吸收养分的不足，从而提高小麦的产量和品质。周道金等[6]研究了烤烟生长后期喷施叶面肥对上部叶质量的影响，发现后期施用叶面肥能促进烟株中上部茎杆的伸长和顶叶开面，提高单叶重和烘干率及上等烟比例。……