分子标记技术在辣椒雄性不育中的研究进展
2017-08-11孟雅宁严立斌范妍芹
孟雅宁 严立斌 范妍芹
(河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所, 石家庄 050051)
分子标记技术在辣椒雄性不育中的研究进展
孟雅宁 严立斌 范妍芹*
(河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所, 石家庄 050051)
辣椒是常异花授粉植物,杂交制种成本较高,种子的纯度难以保证,这使得辣椒杂交种的利用受到一定的限制,辣椒育种技术能力亟待提升。而辣椒雄性不育材料的发现及其遗传研究为辣椒杂交种的利用提供了很好的遗传资源和技术理论基础。利用雄性不育育种可以降低制种成本,作为辣椒育种的主攻方向,近年来受到越来越多的科研院所重视。介绍了多种分子标记技术的特点,阐述了有关辣椒雄性不育研究的进展,涉及已被利用的遗传类型、不育系和恢复系的研究,并对近年来开发的不育和保持基因标记、恢复基因标记进展进行了描述,以期为国内辣椒育种研究者提供参考。
辣椒;雄性不育;分子标记
AbstractHot pepper is an often cross-pollinated plant, the cost of its hybrid seed production is higher and its seed purity is diffcultly ensured, which limits the use of hot pepper hybrids to a certain extent, so the pepper breeding technology needs to be improved.The discovery and genetic study of pepper male sterile materials would provide a good genetic resource and technical basis for the utilization of pepper hybrids. The use of male sterility in pepper breeding could reduce the cost of hybrid, and as a main direction of pepper breeding, it has been paid much attention to by more and more research institutes. This paper introduces the features of many molecular marker techniques, reviews the progress in the pepper male sterility research in China, including genetic types, male sterile lines and restorer lines, and describes sterile and maintaining gene markers and restoring gene markers developed in recent years, in order to provide a reference for pepper breeding researchers in China.
Key wordshot pepper; male sterility; molecular marker technique
辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)为常异花授粉作物,杂种优势明显,优良一代杂种比常规种一般能够增产30% ~ 50%[1],并表现出明显的抗病抗逆性等优势。利用辣(甜)椒雄性不育系生产一代杂交种,可以省去人工去雄手续,简化制种程序,提高种子纯度。其雄性不育主要分为两种类型,一类是细胞质雄性不育(cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS),育性由细胞质和细胞核基因共同控制;另一类是细胞核雄性不育(genic male sterility,GMS),育性仅由细胞核基因控制,不受细胞质影响。20世纪90年代以来,随着RAPD、RFLP、AFLP、SSR标记的应用和不断优化,大大丰富了辣椒标记的种类,在辣椒分子标记和遗传作图方面取得了很大的进展[2]。……
