摘 要：目的：探讨甘薯茎线虫的保存时间和温度对薯肉内茎线虫的影响，以方便实验教学的分析观察。方法：采集回来新鲜、表皮无伤的病薯置于干燥的房屋内晾上72h后随机分成3组，每组20个大小不等病薯，用洁净的保鲜膜将薯块裹严，分别置于4℃、10℃、16℃3个温度下，保存到2、4、5及6个月时用显微镜观察病薯内茎线虫活虫状态。结果：在2个月时观察薯块及其茎线虫，发现处于3种温度下的薯块内茎线虫保存完好，虫体活跃。在第4至6个月时，处于3种温度下的甘薯表皮都有不同程度的白色及浅粉色病菌孢子堆，并且随着温度的增加甘薯腐烂严重，腐烂的甘薯内有线虫，已死亡；无腐烂的甘薯内茎线虫保存完好。结论：甘薯茎线虫病薯标本保存的最佳温度为4℃，保存时间为6个月以上。

关键词：保鲜膜包裹法；储存；甘薯茎线虫

中图分类号 S43 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2017）14-0067-02

Abstract：Objective：The storage temperature and time which have the effects on the live sweet potato stem nematode has been researched and discussed in this paper， and this would be convenient to experimental teaching.Method：Collected fresh and epidermis unbroken infected sweet potato and keep them in a dry room for 72h.Divided the sweet potato into three groups of 20 each group randomly， and wrapped up each group with fresh-keeping film， then keep them at 4℃， 10℃， 16℃， respectively. Evaluated the vitality of sweet potato stem nematode state after 2， 4， 5 and 6 months.Result：The nematode were preservation in a good state and full of vitality at the different temperature after 2 months； the epidermis were decomposed in varying degree and had lots of pink spore mass after 4 month， and decomposed more serious with increased of temperature. There was dead stem nematode in rotten sweet potato. Conclusion：The optimum preservation temperature of sweet potato stem nematode is 4℃， and the time is 6 month.

Key words：Plastic wrap；Preservation；Sweet potato stem nematode

新疆地处西北内陆，属于干旱半干旱温带大陆性气候，位于北纬43°20′～47°15′。独特的气候环境非常适宜种植甘薯，为国家甘薯产业开辟了新的产区。近年来，新疆在品种选育、栽培、加工技术等方面得到了大力提高，据不完全统计，全疆甘薯种植面积达到1万hm2，主要分布在乌鲁木齐、昌吉回族自治州、沙湾县、霍城县、新源县等[1]。甘薯高效农业发展的同时，病虫害的危害也日趋猖獗，其中甘薯茎线虫病（Ditylenchus destructor Thorne）又叫空心病、康心病、空梆子等[2]。王晓东等[3]证明了新疆甘薯茎线虫病病原为马铃薯腐烂茎线虫（D.destructor Thorne）。

为了在高校农业类植物病理……