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基于ASE提取IC—ICP—MS联用测定茶叶中CrⅢ和CrⅥ的研究

2017-07-13章剑扬王国庆马桂岑

湖北农业科学 2017年11期

章剑扬 王国庆 马桂岑

摘要:采用加速溶剂萃取(ASE)-离子色谱(IC)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定,建立了茶叶中Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的分析方法。样品使用0.04 mol/L EDTA二钠盐和硝酸铵溶液(pH为7.0~7.5)在80 ℃和1 600 psi压力下提取,C18固相萃取(SPE)净化。以0.075 mol/L的硝酸铵作为流动相,AG7色谱柱分离后用ICP-MS测定。结果表明,Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)在0~10.0 μg/L线性关系良好,检出限均达到0.03 μg/L。以实际茶叶样品为基体,在1.0 μg/L浓度水平下,Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的加标回收率分别为86.2%~89.2%、78.8%~79.4%,RSD<4%(n=7)。该方法具有自动化程度高和同时测定2种价态的优点,适合批量、准确测定茶叶中2种价态铬的含量。

关键词:加速溶剂萃取;离子色谱;电感耦合等离子体质谱;茶叶;铬

中图分类号:S571.1;O657.7 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)11-2120-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.11.032

Abstract: A method for determination and analysis of Cr(Ⅲ) and Cr(Ⅵ) in tea was established by IC-ICP-MS). The samples were extracted with 0.04 mol/L EDTA disodium salt and ammonium nitrate solution(pH=7.0~7.5) under pressure at 80 ℃ and 1 600 psi, then were purified with solid phase extraction(SPE) with C18. With 0.075 mol/L ammonium nitrate solution as mobile phase, the AG7-HC ion chromatographic column was separated and detected by ICP-MS. The results showed good linear relationships(r2=1.0) were obtained between Cr(Ⅲ) and Cr(Ⅵ) in the range of 0~10.0 mg/L and the detection limit were all 0.03 mg/L. With practical tea samples as matrix, the recoveries of Cr(Ⅲ) and Cr(Ⅵ) were in the range of 78.8%~89.2% at concentration of 1.0 μg/L, and the relative standard deviations(RSDs) were less than 4.0%(n=7). The results indicated the method had advantages of high degree automation and simultaneous determination of 2 valence states, which was suitable for the batch and accurate determination of Cr(Ⅲ) and Cr(Ⅵ) contents in tea.

Key words: accelerated solvent extraction; ion chromatography; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; tea; chromium

鉻在自然界中分布甚广而稀散,几乎存在于所有物质之中。铬可以形成从-2到+6多种价态化合物,最常见的是Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)[1]。对于铬而言,Cr(Ⅲ)是人体必需的元素,参与人体多种生理活动,而Cr(Ⅵ)则有剧毒[2,3]。NY659-2003标准中茶叶的总铬限量为5.0 mg/kg[4],但这并不能反映饮茶中铬对人体的潜在危害,需要对三价和六价铬的含量做进一步的测定[5,6]。

由于受到提取液pH的影响,Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)同时提取和测定具有一定难度,低pH环境由于提高了氧化还原电位,可能会导致Cr(Ⅵ)被还原为 Cr(Ⅲ),高pH则可能会导致Cr(Ⅲ)沉淀为Cr(OH)3。铬的不同形态对环境和人体健康有着明显不同的影响,因此对铬不同形态进行分析在环境科学、医药学、食品科学方面具有十分重要的意义[7]。

单一的仪器检测技术很难同时完成精确测定Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ),采用联用技术是当前元素形态分析的重要手段[8-13]。加速溶剂萃取(Accelerated solvent extraction,ASE)法是一种基于高压条件下,降低溶剂黏度,增加物质溶解度和溶质扩散效率, 提高萃取效率的快速萃取固体或半固体样品的前处理方法[14],ASE已在环境、药物、食品、化工等领域得到广泛应用[15]。……

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