四方麻总黄酮提取工艺的研究
2017-07-13崔莹
崔莹
摘要:采用超声波法提取四方麻[Veronicastrum caulopterum (Hance) Yamazaki]总黄酮,对乙醇体积分数、液固比、提取时间、超声功率4个因素进行考察,通过正交试验确定了四方麻总黄酮超声波提取的最佳工艺条件为乙醇体积分数40%、液固比40∶1(mL∶g)、提取时间80 min、超声功率280 W,该工艺条件下得到四方麻总黄酮含量为16.18 mg/g,表明4个因素对总黄酮含量的影响大小顺序为液固比>乙醇体积分数>提取时间>超声功率。
关键词:四方麻[Veronicastrum caulopterum (Hance) Yamazaki];总黄酮;提取工艺;正交试验
中图分类号:R284.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)11-2113-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.11.030
Abstract: The ultrasonic extraction of flavonoids from Veronicastrum caulopterum(Hance) Yamazaki was researched,and explored influence to extracting yield by consistency of solvent, material fluid ratio,the time of extraction,and ultrasonic power. The optimum extracting process by the orthogonal test were crude drug was infused by the 40% alcohol,material fluid ratio 40∶1(mL∶g), extraction for 80 minutes,and ultrasonic power 280 W. The pure yield of total flavonoids under the above extraction condition was 16.18 mg/g,experimental results showed that the order of different effect factors on yield was material fluid ratio>alcohol volume fraction>the time of extraction>ultrasonic power.
Key words: Veronicastrum caulopterum (Hance) Yamazaki; total flavonoids; extraction process; orthogonal experiment
四方麻[Veronicastrum caulopterum (Hance) Yamazaki],别名山练草、鱼珠草、四角草、四方青、四方消,为玄参科(Scrophulariaceae)多年生草本植物,全年可采,全草晾晒或新鲜采摘后可作药用[1]。四方麻味苦、性寒,具有消肿止痛、清热解毒的药效,可用于治疗淋巴结结核、流行性腮腺炎、痢疾、咽喉炎、肠炎、跌打损伤、皮肤湿疹等病症[2,3]。
目前,关于四方麻化学成分及药效方面的研究鲜见报道,戴航等[4]对四方麻的化学成分进行预试验,发现其含有酚类有机酸、黄酮类、糖类、香豆素类等物质。黄克南等[5]发现四方麻水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌有一定程度的抗菌作用。超声提取法简捷,可免于加热,提取速度快,总黄酮提取率高,较传统的热回流法具明显的优势[6]。由于黄酮类化合物药理活性多样[7,8],本试验采用超声波提取法对四方麻总黄酮进行提取,通过正交试验对乙醇体积分数、液固比、提取时间、超声功率4个因素进行考察,筛选四方麻总黄酮超声波提取的最佳工艺条件,并测定四方麻中总黄酮含量[9,10],以期为四方麻总黄酮应用提供参考。……p>
