2.5岁及3.5岁麦洼犊牦牛屠宰试验
2017-07-13赵洪文罗晓林安添午
赵洪文 罗晓林 安添午
摘要:为研究经全哺乳饲养后,2.5岁及3.5岁麦洼公犊牦牛的生长发育及肉质特性。对2.5及3.5岁麦洼公犊牦牛进行屠宰试验研究。结果表明,2.5岁和3.5岁犊牦牛的宰前重、体高和体斜长存在极显著差异,管围具有显著差异,而胸围无显著差异。头、蹄、皮重均具有极显著差异,而生殖器睾丸重无显著差异。心脏、肝脏和肾脏重具有极显著差异,肺脏重具有显著差异,而脾脏无显著差异。2.5岁和3.5岁犊牦牛的胴体重、净骨重、净肉重、净肉率、胴体产肉率和骨肉比均具有极显著差异,眼肌面积具有显著差异,而屠宰率无显著差异。全哺乳方式对2.5岁及3.5岁犊牦牛,生长发育补充效果明显,均有较高的宰前重,且产肉性能良好。
关键词:犊牦牛;生长发育;屠宰;全哺乳
中图分类号:S823.8+5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)11-2093-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.11.025
Abstract: A slaughter experiment was carried to investigate the growth and meat characteristic of Maiwa Yak at the age of 2.5 and 3.5 under full-lactation situation. The results showed that, the weight before slaughter, the height and length of body,the weight of head, hoof, skin, heart, liver, kidney, carcass, bone and meat, as well as the pure meat percentage, meat-production percentage and meat-bone radio of carcass had highly significant differences between 2.5 and 3.5 years old yak(P<0.01). The cannon circumference, lung weight, eye muscle area showed significant difference(P<0.05). The heart girth,weight of testis and spleen, dressing percentage had no significant difference(P>0.05). It was indicated that full-lactation method could promote the growth and showed a higher weight before slaughter of Maiwa Yak at the age of 2.5 and 3.5.
Key words: Yak calf; growth; slaughter; full-lactation
牦牛是中国青藏高原特有的品种,具有“高原之舟”的美誉,是藏区主要的经济基础,也是牧民重要的经济和食物来源。因为其高海拔、无污染的生存环境,以及肉质更具有低脂肪、高蛋白质的营养特性,受到越来越多消费者的青睐。然而牦牛是较为原始的牛种,其生长发育受到青藏高原特殊的冷暖季节、牧草盛衰等因素的影响,利用犊牦牛生产优质牦牛肉不仅可以大幅度提高牦牛肉的档次,并对减轻草场压力、合理利用草场资源具有重要意义。谢容清等[1]进行了1.5~5.5岁牦牛的屠宰试验研究,提出3.5岁是牦牛出栏的最佳年龄,而此时牦牛肉的营养丰富,品质好,且同时可以做到饲料转化率高,饲养周期短,获得良好的效益;……
