魏丽红

摘要：以软枣猕猴桃[Actinidia arguta （Sieb. et Zucc） Planch. ex Miq.]桓优一号为试验材料，研究果实发育过程中果实鲜重、果实干物质含量及各种营养指标的变化特征。结果表明，随着果实的生长发育，果实鲜重和干物质含量同步逐渐增加，前期增加迅速，后期增加缓慢。全氮含量前期快速增加，后期逐渐下降。全磷、全钾、全钙的积累主要在果实发育的前期，后期总体呈下降趋势；全镁的含量总体呈缓慢上升趋势。总酸含量先上升后下降。pH先下降后上升。总固形物含量逐渐增加。维生素C含量初期较高，以后呈下降趋势。

关键词：软枣猕猴桃[Actinidia arguta （Sieb. et Zucc） Planch. ex Miq.]；果实发育规律；营养成分变化规律

中图分类号：S663.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）11-2070-03

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.11.018

Abstract： Taking Actinidia arguta（Huanyou No.1） as the test materials， the change features of fruit fresh weight， dry material content， nutritional ingredient during fruit development were studied. The results showed that， with fruit development， fruit fresh weight and dry material content increased gradually and simultaneously， with a higher increasing rate in the initial stage and a lower increasing rate in the late stage. The content of total nitrogen increased rapidly in the initial stage， and decreased gradually in the late stage. The accumulation of total phosphorus， total potassium， total calciummainly were at the early stages of fruit development， decreased in the initial stage on the whole； the content of total magnesium showed a slowly increasing trend on the whole. Total acid content increased firstly and decreased secondly. pH value deceased firstly and increased secondly. Total solid material content increased gradually. The content of vitamin C was higher in the initial stage and decreased in the late stage.

Key words： Actinidia arguta； fruit development regularity； nutritional ingredient change regularity

软枣猕猴桃[Actinidia arguta（Sieb. et Zucc） Planch. ex Miq.]是一種具有广阔发展前景的野生果树[1]。其果实维生素C含量极其丰富，具有延缓衰老、抗氧化的作用。所含有的氨基酸能提高免疫力、降血糖、降血脂。猕猴桃多糖对预防心脑血管疾病具有特殊疗效。当前围绕软枣猕猴桃果实采收后贮藏保鲜、生理生化方面的研究较多，本文主要关注软枣猕猴桃果实生长发育期果实发育及各种营养指标的变化规律，以期为果实发育中营养的合理补充，改善软枣猕猴桃栽培管理措施等提供科学依据。同时依据研究结果，可以确定合理的果实采收期，延长贮藏期，提高果实品质。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料

试验所用的软枣猕猴桃品种为桓优一号，试验在辽宁农业职业技术学院西农场大田进行。随机选择40株软枣猕猴桃，树体生长状况良好，树势和结果水平基本一致。……