张芹+郭力

摘 要：钢筋锈胀破坏会显著改变氯离子在混凝土中的输运通道，氯离子侵入与锈胀致裂是相互加强的非线性过程.围绕这一非线性破坏过程开展了数值模拟方法研究，建立了氯离子扩散与钢筋锈胀破坏间的耦合分析方法，并基于商业软件ABAQUS平台，通过二次开发，高效地实现了这一非线性模拟过程.利用文献中的试验数据，验证了所建立方法的有效性.模拟结果表明：是否考虑氯离子扩散与锈胀损伤破坏间的耦合过程，对钢筋混凝土结构使用状态的评估结果影响显著，且耦合分析预测结果更为精确.

关键词：耐久性；锈胀破坏； 氯离子侵蚀；耦合分析

中图分类号：TU375 文献标志码：A

文章编号：1674-2974（2017）05-0044-09

Abstract：Corrosion of rebar significantly affects the transfer path of chloride ions in concrete， and the penetration of chloride ions as well as the erosion of rebar in concrete are two nonlinear mutually strengthening and coupling processes. This paper proposed numerical methodologies to solve the nonlinear problem. An efficient iterative algorithm was established for simultaneously analyzing the penetrating process of chloride ions into concrete and the evolution of concrete damage， and was subsequently implemented and integrated into ABAQUS with user subroutine. Efficiency and reliability of the proposed method was certified with the test data from literatures. Numerical results clearly demonstrated that the coupling process between chloride ions penetration and concrete damage evolution greatly affected the assessment of the integrity of reinforced concrete structures. The developed method could give more comprehensive evaluation of the service life of reinforced concrete structure， and provide new guidelines for the durability analysis of concrete structures under marine environment.

Key words：durability ；corrosion damage； chloride ion erosion； coupling analysis

近年来，我国滨海和近海工程建设规模空前，因此对海洋环境下钢筋混凝土结构的耐久性提出了更高的要求.由于海洋环境下钢筋混凝土结构不可避免地会受到氯离子侵入，结构中钢筋容易发生锈蚀，因而会导致表面混凝土开裂、剥落，使得结构的耐久性显著降低，甚至过早地失效.氯离子侵蚀导致的钢筋混凝土结構耐久性破坏这一经典问题，已经过长期而广泛的研究.但大量的破坏实例表明，基于常规方法设计的钢筋混凝土结构的安全使用寿命难以令人满意，目前海洋环境下仅仅服役20年即发生耐久性破坏的钢筋混凝土结构数目众多，这使得滨海和近海钢筋混凝土结构的可持续发展以及高额的二次维护费用问……