黄引　张华

[摘要] 目的 探討工字型鼻贴联合活瓣式脸贴在胃肠减压鼻胃管固定中的应用效果。 方法 选择2015年3～8月在重庆医科大学附属第一医院胃肠外科住院并行胃肠道外科手术后留置胃肠减压鼻胃管的患者100例，按照随机数表法分为对照组50例，试验组50例，对照组采用传统工字型鼻贴联合胶带脸部固定法，试验组采用工字型鼻贴联合活瓣式脸贴固定法。均固定至拔管，比较两组患者非计划拔管率、鼻部和脸部胶布更换率、导管相关性压疮发生率及鼻腔疼痛情况。 结果 试验组非计划拔管率、鼻部和脸部胶布更换率及鼻腔疼痛发生率均低于对照组（P < 0.05）。两组导管相关性压疮发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。 结论 工字型鼻贴联合活瓣式脸贴胃管固定法能有效降低患者非计划拔管的发生率及胶布更换频率，减轻护理人员的工作负担，减少患者鼻腔疼痛发生，使患者感觉更舒适，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词] 工字型鼻贴；活瓣式脸贴；胃肠减压管；固定

[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2016）12（a）-0166-04

Application of "工" shape nose sticker combined with valve face sticker in the fixation of nasogastric tube with gastrointestinal decompression

HUANG Yin ZHANG Hua

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery， the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University， Chongqing 400001， China

[Abstract] Objective To evaluate application effect of "工" shape nose sticker combined with valve face sticker in the fixation of nasogastric tube with gastrointestinal decompression. Methods 100 patients of nasogastric tube with gastrointestinal decompression from March to August 2015 in Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery， the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University after gastrointestinal surgery were selected. They were divided into control group （50 cases） and experimental group （50 cases） in accordance with the random number table method. Traditional "工" shape nose sticker combined with adhesive tape face fixation method were used in control group， "工" shape nose sticker combined with valve face sticker fixation method were applied in experimental group. They were all fixed to pull out tube. Unplanned extubation rate， nose and face tape replacement rate， incidence rate of catheter related pressure ulcers and nasal pain between two groups were compared. Results Unplanned extubation rate， nose and face tape replacement rate， incidence rate of nasal pain in experimental group were lower than those in control group （P < 0.05）. Incidence rate of catheter related pressure ulcers between two groups was compared， with no statistical difference （P > 0.05）. Conclusion "工" shape nose sticker combined with valve face sticker fixation method can effectively reduce the incidence of unplanned extubation and tape tube replacement frequency， reduce the work pressure of nurse， reduce the incidence of nasal pain in patients， make the patient feel more comfortable. It is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

[Key words] "工" shape nose sticker； Valve face sticker； Gastrointestinal decompression tube； Fixation

胃肠减压是胃肠外科经常使用的一项护理操作技术，它是将鼻胃管经鼻腔置入胃内，起到吸出胃肠道内的积气、积液，减轻腹胀，减少肠腔的细菌毒素吸收，降低胃肠道内压力的作用[1]。若胃管移位、滑脱可能引起胃液反流，甚至窒息。反复插管易造成对患者鼻黏膜损伤、身心伤害等一系列不良后果，同时增加护理人员不必要的重复工作[2]。临床护理人员对胃管的固定方法也进行了较多探讨，但仍未探索出一种更合理完美的鼻胃管固定方法。……