娄菊红++++++程凤敏++++++吴秀玲++++++王斌

[摘要] 目的 探讨跟骨骨折术后早期康复护理的效果。 方法 选取2015年6月～2016年6月我院收治的120例跟骨骨折患者，按照随机数字表法分为两组，每组60例，对照组采取常规护理，观察组在常规护理的基础上采取早期康复护理。比较两组患者的足部功能恢复情况、Sanders分型、依从性、满意度及并发症发生率。 结果 观察组患者Maryland足部功能评分（94.36±2.41）分、Sanders Ⅰ型发生率为81.66%、Sanders Ⅱ型发生率为16.67%、Sanders Ⅲ型发生率为1.67%、Sanders Ⅳ型发生率为0，分别显著优于对照组（P<0.05）；两组患者的依从性比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），观察组患者的满意率显著高于对照组（P<0.05），且并发症发生率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。 结论 在跟骨骨折患者中应用早期康复护理效果确切，可显著促进患者肢体功能的恢复。

[关键词] 跟骨骨折；早期康复护理；足部功能；Sanders

[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2016）34-0150-03

Analysis of the methods and effects of early rehabilitation nursing after the surgery of calcaneus fractures

LOU Juhong CHENG Fengmin WU Xiuling WANG Bin

Department of Orthopedics， Taizhou Hospital in Zhejiang Province， Taizhou 317000， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the methods and effect of early rehabilitation nursing after the surgery of calcaneal fractures. Methods 120 patients with calcaneal fractures who were admitted to our hospital from June 2015 to June 2016 were selected. According to the random number method， the patients were divided into two groups， with 60 patients in each group. The control group was given the conventional nursing method， and the observation group was given early rehabilitation care on the basis of conventional nursing care. The functional recovery of feet， Sanders classification， compliance， satisfaction， and incidence rates of complications were compared between the two groups. Results The score of Maryland foot function（94.36±2.41）， incidence rate of Sanders type Ⅰwas 81.66%， incidence rate of Sanders type Ⅱ was 16.67%， incidence rate of Sanders type Ⅲ was 1.67%， and incidence rate of Sanders type Ⅳ was 0 in the observation group were better than those in the control group（P<0.05）； there was no significant difference in the compliance between the two groups（P>0.05）. The satisfaction rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）， and the incidence rate of complications was significantly lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Early rehabilitation nursing care is effective in the patients with calcaneal fractures， and it can promote the recovery of limb function.

[Key words] Calcaneal fractures； Early rehabilitation nursing care； Function of feet； Sanders

跟骨骨折在臨床较为常见，首选治疗方式为手术，虽然可在一定程度上达到固定、复位效果，但若术后护理不当，仍可影响治疗效果[1，2]。大部分跟骨骨折患者经手术治疗后，需卧床较长时间，而长时间的肌肉活动、关节活动受限，可导致患者肌肉出现失用性萎缩，淋巴、血液淤滞，最终影响关节功能恢复，严重时可并发残疾，从而给患者生理、心理带来双重刺激[3，4]。因此，应加强跟骨骨折患者的术后康复护理，从而缩短住院时间，促进患者病情恢复。本文旨在探讨跟骨骨折术后应用早期康复护理的临床意义，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择2015年6月～2016年6月我院收治的120例跟骨骨折患者为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组（早期康复护理）60例和对照组（常规护理）60例。本次研究患者均签署书面知情同意书，且经CT、X线片检查确诊为跟骨骨折患者。……