龙春根+杨欢秀+钟艳玲+郭宗荣+陈雯+郭福玉+邹鹏飞

[摘要]目的 研究早期肠内母乳微量喂养对早产儿生长发育、胃肠耐受情况的影响，为早产儿的早期营养提供更为合理的方案。方法 选取2015年3月～2016年8月我院收治的60例早产儿作为研究对象，随机分成实验组和对照组，各30例。实验组在出生2 h后开始喂养，对照组在出生24 h后开始喂养。对两组患儿的生长发育与胃肠耐受、并发症进行监测。结果 实验组恢复至出生体重时间为（8.2±2.5）d，黄疸消退时间为（8.1±1.5）d，住院时间为（28.5±3.6）d，喂养不耐受5例，与对照组[（9.7±3.0）d、（10.3±2.3）d、（36.5±6.5）d、12例]比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；实验组并发症总发生率为6.7%，低于对照组的26.7%，差异有统计学意義（P<0.05）。结论 早期肠内微量母乳喂养可促进早产儿的生长发育，且安全性高。

[关键词]微量喂养；母乳；早产儿

[中图分类号] R722.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）12（c）-0085-03

Impact of early enteral breast micro feeding on growth and development of premature infants

LONG Chun-gen YANG Huan-xiu ZHONG Yan-ling GUO Zong-rong CHEN Wen GUO Fu-yu ZOU Peng-fei

Department of Pediatrics， Maternity and Child Care Centers in Yichun，Jiangxi Province，Yichun 336000，China

[Abstract]Objective To study the impact of early enteral breast micro feeding on growth and development of premature infants and gastrointestinal tolerance，and to provide a more reasonable scheme for early nutrition of premature infants.Methods Sixty premature infants from March 2015 to August 2016 in our hospital were selected as study objects，and they were randomly divided into experimental group and control group，with 30 cases in each group.The experimental group was given the feeding 2 h after birth，and the control group was given the feeding 24 h after birth.The growth and development，gastrointestinal tolerance and complications of premature infants in two groups were monitored.Results The time of recovery to birth weight，jaundice subsided，hospital stay and number of infants with feeding intolerance in the experimental group was （8.2±2.5）d，（8.1±1.5）d，（28.5±3.6）d and 5 cases respectively，compared with the control group [（9.7±3.0）d，（10.3±2.3）d，（36.5±6.5）d，12 cases]，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.The total incidence rate of complications in the experimental group was 6.7%，was lower than that of the tcontrol group （26.7%），the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion Early enteral breast micro feeding can promote the growth and development of premature infants，and with high safety.

[Key words]Micro feeding；Breast milk；Premature infants

流行病学资料表明，每年新生婴儿中，早产儿占了相对较高的比例，并且近年还有上升的趋势[1]。随着现代医学技术的进步，各地新生儿重症病房（neonatal intensive care unit，NICU）的建立，大大提高了早产儿存活率[2]。然而由于早产儿胃肠道功能不成熟以及生命力脆弱，经常碰到如喂养不耐受、热卡摄入不足、生长发育迟缓等问题。研究表明，营养支持对早产儿生长发育有着重要的影响作用[3]。本文主要选取宜春市妇幼保健院（以下简称“我院”）收治的60例早产儿为研究对象，探讨早产儿合理的营养方案，现报道如下。

1对象与方法

1.1对象

选取2015年3月～2016年8月我院收治的60例早产儿为研究对象，选取标准：①生后24 h入院；②胎龄<35周；③出生体重<2000 g；④出生时无窒息抢救史、呼吸窘迫综合征及溶血性黄疸；⑤住院时间>2周。排除合并消化系统畸形及遗传代谢病。出院标准：出院时体重>2000 g，经口足量喂养，生命体征平稳，停止用药。随机分为两组：实验组（早期喂养组）30例，男20例，女10例，孕龄（32.2±2.40）周，出生体重（1630±213）g；对……