印度尼西亚基础设施建设现状及“一带一路”倡议推进下中国与印度尼西亚合作的路径
2017-05-30余珍艳
余珍艳
摘要:佐科就任印度尼西亚总统以来,高度重视该国的基础设施建设,制定了一系列基础设施建设计划,推进了一些有利于基础设施建设的改革,取得了一定的成果,但仍面臨土地征用、人力和机构能力、资金、投资环境及地区平衡发展等方面的挑战。基础设施建设是中国与印度尼西亚在“一带一路”倡议和“全球海洋支点”战略对接下的重点合作领域,根据印度尼西亚基础设施建设的现状以及两国基础设施建设合作面临的机遇和挑战,选择切合实际并行之有效的合作路径是两国开展基础设施建设合作的关键。
关键词:印度尼西亚;基础设施建设;中国;合作路径
[中图分类号] F753.42 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1003-2479(2017)06-0076-08
Abstract: Since Joko became president, he attaches great importance to the construction of infrastructure in Indonesia, has formulated a series of infrastructure construction plans, and promotes some conducive reforms of the infrastructure construction, has made no small achievements, but still faced some challenges in land requisition, human and institutional capacity, funds, investment environment and regional balanced development. At the same time, the infrastructure construction is also the key area of cooperation in Chinas “the Belt and Road” initiative and Indonesias “World Ocean Axis” strategys abutting joint, according to the situation of Indonesias infrastructure as well as the opportunities and challenges in bilateral infrastructure cooperation, selecting practical and effective paths are the key to two countries infrastructure cooperation.
Key Words: Indonesia; Infrastructure Construction; China; Cooperation Path
目前印度尼西亚的基础设施建设水平仍低于世界平均水平和东盟的基础设施建设平均水平,对基础设施的需求很大。1997年的亚洲金融危机使印度尼西亚的经济发展遭受严重打击,基础设施建设几乎处于停滞状态,2004年年底发生的印度尼西亚大海啸对基础设施的破坏更是雪上加霜,长期滞后的基础设施已成为印度尼西亚经济增长的最大障碍。根据世界银行的估计,自2004年以来,交通堵塞和停电导致印度尼西亚每年经济增长率减少1%①。近几年印度尼西亚GDP的增长速度一直保持在5%左右,较快的经济增长速度使印度尼西亚对本国的基础设施建设提出更高的要求。佐科就任总统以来,提出“全球海洋支点”战略,积极发展“海……
