唐若笠+方彦军+孔政敏

摘 要：围绕新能源发电在大型远洋船舶上的大规模接入问题，研究了基于太阳能发电的客货滚装船光伏阵列布局、拓扑结构及最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）模型与算法.结合船舶航行环境与船体结构特点，设计了大规模光伏阵列的船体布局及拓扑结构，建立了以大规模全局优化（LSGO）问题为描述形式的船体区域级MPPT数学模型.此外，提出一种基于环形拓扑的多参考向量协同进化粒子群算法（CCPSO-MR），并成功应用于船用大规模光伏阵列MPPT控制.仿真实验表明，针对LSGO问题的实时求解，CCPSO-MR算法在收敛速度、精度等方面显著优于各主流算法.基于所提阵列结构及MPPT算法，光伏系统能够在客货滚装船上实现大规模接入，并在各类复杂光照航行环境下具有良好的MPPT性能.

关键词：绿色船舶；光伏阵列；最大功率点跟踪；大规模优化

中图分类号：U662 文献标志码：A

Research on Topological Structure and MPPT Algorithm of Photovoltaic Array in Large Green Ship

TANG Ruoli1， FANG Yanjun2， KONG Zhengmin2

（1. School of Energy and Power Engineering， Wuhan University of Technology， Wuhan 430063， China；

2. Department of Automation， Wuhan University， Wuhan 430072， China）

Abstract：To introduce the new energy power generation into large ocean-going ship， the topological structure as well as the MPPT model and control algorithm of large-scale photovoltaic array in ro-ro ship was studied. By considering the navigation environment and structural features of large ro-ro ship， the topological structure of large-scale photovoltaic array was designed， and its hull-part-level MPPT model described as the LSGO was also built. Additionally， a cooperatively coevolving particle swarm optimization based on multi-context vectors and ring topological structure （CCPSO-MR） was proposed and applied to the MPPT control of the ship's large-scale photovoltaic array. Simulation results show that the CCPSO-MR performs better than some famous algorithms in convergence speed and accuracy on solving the LSGO problems. With the utilization of the proposed structure and MPPT algorithm， the large-scale photovoltaic system can be introduced into the ocean-going ro-ro ship successfully and works well under complex environmental conditions.

Key words：green ship； photovoltaic array； maximum power point tracking； large-scale global optimization

隨着全球能源危机问题的日益突显，各类新能源电力越来越多地被应用于生产生活，并最大限度地取代化石燃料.太阳能作为取之不尽的清洁能源之一，其被人类利用的最主要形式是通过光伏发电技术转化为电能，进而广泛应用于航空航天[1]，汽车[2]，电力[3]以及船舶[4]等行业.对于装载船用光伏系统的绿色船舶，其燃油消耗能够得到不同程度的降低，甚至一些小型新能源船舶全船动力完全由光伏系统提供，实现零排放.相比于小型内河船舶，大型远洋客货滚装船作为荷载量大、航行时间长……