王士刚　张跃进

摘 要： 以往设计出的车辆防抱死系统由于控制手段选择不佳，导致系统制动距离和制动时间均不佳。该文设计并实现了一种车辆防抱死改进系统。所设计的系统主要由控制模块、传感器和电磁阀组成，对其中的单片机、电源电路和修正电路进行重点改进。MSP430F149单片机利用其最小系统对传感器感应数据进行数据运算和分析，再调用电磁阀实现对车轮制动轮缸的直接控制。电源电路根据特定需求为传感器和MSP430F149单片机供应能量。改进后的修正电路，可实现对传感器硬件故障和电磁阀通信故障的检测和维修。系统利用现场可编程门阵列对其功能进行改进设计，并给出功能改进流程图。实验结果表明，所设计的系统具有较好的制动距离和制动时间，能够较为成功地实现改进目标。

关键词： 车辆防抱死系统； MSP430F149； 制动距离； 电磁阀通信故障

中图分类号： TN702?34； TM92 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1004?373X（2017）06?0093?03

Abstract： The vehicle anti?lock braking systems designed in the past have poor system braking distance and braking time because they had chosen an unsuitable control means. An improved vehicle anti?lock braking system is designed and implemented in this paper. The system is mainly composed of control module， sensor and solenoid valve. MCU， power supply circuit and correction circuit in the system were improved emphatically. MSP430F149 MCU data computation is used to operate and analyze the sensor sensing data， and then call the solenoid valve to realize the direct control of the wheel brake cylinders. The power supply circuit provides power for the sensors and MSP430F149 MCU according to the specific requirements. The improved correction circuit can realize detection and maintenance of the sensor hardware failure and solenoid valve communication failure. The field programmable gate array （FPGA） is employed to improve the system function. The function improvement flow chart is given in this paper. The experimental results show that the designed system has suitable braking distance and braking time， can successfully achieve the improvement purpose.

Keywords： vehicle anti?lock braking system； MSP430F149； braking length； solenoid valve communication failure

0 引 言

近年来，汽车已成为人们生活中必不可少的交通工具。随着车速和车流密度的逐渐增长，人们开始关注驾驶安全。车辆生产商开始在车辆设计中加入车辆防抱死系统。车辆防抱死系统是一项以保障驾驶人员安全性为出发点设计的主动设备，其利用特定控制手段对车辆制动过程进行调节，达到避免车轮进入抱死状态的目标[1?3]，是人们关注的重点[4?6]。传统的车辆防抱死系统往往存在一定的缺陷，如文献[7]设计基于机械动力的车辆防抱死系统，该系统控制效果并不理想，导致系统制动时间较长。……