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迁西县板栗气象干旱指数保险产品设计

2017-03-16高桂芹王猛费晓臣

现代农业科技 2017年2期

高桂芹++王猛++费晓臣

摘要 作为政策性农业保险的一种补充形式,开发板栗干旱气象指数保险产品,为开展迁西板栗农业保险提供理论依据。利用唐山市迁西站1965—2015年逐年8月(果实膨大期)降水资料、1998—2015年逐年板栗产量资料,分析板栗减产率与8月降水量的关系,建立了降雨量干旱天气指数模型。通过盈亏测算确定了板栗干旱气象理赔的标准,设定了理赔触发值,即当迁西地区8月的累积降雨量<120 mm,保险公司启动赔付。利用保证率方法对设计的理赔标准进行了风险评估,为保险公司客观、合理制定保险相关条款及快捷支付经济补偿提供技术支撑。

关键词 板栗;气象干旱指数;农业保险;触发值;河北迁西

中图分类号 F840.66;S162.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739(2017)02-0183-03

Design of Product for Chinese Chestnut Meteorological Drought Index Insurance in Qianxi County

GAO Gui-qin 1 WANG Meng 1 FEI Xiao-chen 1 CHEN zhen 1 ZHANG Shu-ming 2

(1 Tangshan Meteorological Office in Hebei Province,Tangshan Hebei 063000; 2 Qianxi Forestry Bureau)

Abstract As a complementary form of policy-related agricultural insurance,meteorological drought index insurance product of Chinese chestnut was developed to provide theoretical basis for conducting Qianxi chestnut agricultural insurance. Based on the precipitation data of Qianxi Station in Tangshan City in August(fruit enlargement period) during 1965-2015 and chestnut production data during 1998-2015,the relationship between the chestnut yield reduction rate and precipitation in August was analyzed,and drought weather index model of Chinese chestnut was established. According to the calculation of insurance profit and loss,the claim standard of Chinese chestnut drought meteorology insurance were determined,and trigger value was set,when the cumulative amount of precipitation of Qianxi County in August was less than 120 mm,insurance companies started claims. The risk assessment of claim standard was carried out by guranteed rate method,so as to provide technical support for the establishment of objective and reasonable insurance related provisions,and quick economic compensation of insurance company.

Key words Chinese chestnut;meteorological drought index;agricultural insurance;trigger value;Qianxi Hebei

2004—2009年中央1號文件连续6年提出尽快建立完善中国政策性农业保险制度,以稳定农业种植收入,分散农业种植风险。2006—2009年,浙江、安徽等省份率先开展了政策性农业保险试点工作,其农保模式是政府主导、政策支持与市场运作相结合。但在工作开展的过程中发现,逆选择、道德风险及灾后理赔实效低、成本大、损失评估误差大等因素一定程度上阻碍了农业保险的可持续发展[1]。为解决传统农业保险存在的问题,国际金融界于20世纪80年代至今,开发了气象指数保险。有利用降水因子作为保险指数来降低旱涝对农业造成的风险,像印度、南非、墨西哥和美国等国家[2-4]。有利用温度因子设计的高温热害、低温、霜冻冷害气象指数保险产品,来减少不利的温度条件对作物产量造成的损失,像加拿大、南非[5-6]。指数保险的优势在于充分利用现有的气象和农业数据,灾害发生后不再需要现场勘察定损,可直接利用气象数据理赔,节省了人力、物力,也降低了道德风险和逆选择问题,利于保险的标准化。……

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