郑梦成+杜守颖+贾山+马军明+张晴+白洁+陆洋

[摘要]该试验通过研究复方金思维方中君药人参茎叶提取物配伍使药石菖蒲挥发油后有效成分人参皂苷 Rg1，人参皂苷Re，人参皂苷Rd肠吸收的变化，验证该方中佐药石菖蒲能否协助君药人参茎叶总皂苷加强其疗效。试验采用大鼠在体单向肠吸收模型考察3种皂苷成分及配伍石菖蒲挥发油后的肠吸收情况，以高效液相色谱法测定灌流液中人参皂苷 Rg1，人参皂苷Re，人参皂苷Rd的质量浓度，计算其肠吸收动力学参数；人参茎叶提取物中人参皂苷Rg1，人参皂苷Re，人参皂苷Rd在小肠上段吸收速率较大；药物浓度对其吸收速率没有显著性影响，提示吸收机制为被动扩散；石菖蒲挥发油对其在小肠的吸收有显著促进作用，说明方中人参皂苷提取物与石菖蒲的配伍科学合理。

[关键词]人参茎叶提取物； 石菖蒲； 在体单向肠吸收

[Abstract]To investigate the changes in intestinal absorption of ginsenosides Rg1， ginsenosides Re and ginsenosides Rd after combined administration of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma extract and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma， in order to confirm whether the combined administration is scientific and rational， and provide experimental basis for pharmaceutical studies of the formula. Anin vivosingle-pass perfusion method was performed to study the effect of various concentrations of ginsenosides Rg1， ginsenosides Re， ginsenosides Rd on the intestinal absorption at duodenum， jejunum， ileum and colon. The concentrations of ginsenosides Rg1， ginsenosides Re， ginsenosides Rd were determined by RP-HPLC.The absorption rate constant （Ka） and the apparent absorption coefficient（Papp） of ginsenosides Rg1， ginsenosides Re， ginsenosides Rd were calculated.The result showed that ginsenosides Rg1， ginsenosides Re， ginsenosides Rd had a high absorption rate on upper portion of the small intestine. The drug concentration had not significantly impact on the absorption rate， suggesting that ginsenosides Rg1， ginsenosides Re， ginsenosides Rd were absorbed via passive diffusion.Volatile oil of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma had obvious effect in enhancing intestinal absorption of ginsenosides Rg1， ginsenosides Re， ginsenosides Rd， indicating that the combined administration of Ginseng extract and Acorus tatarinowii Schott is scientific and rational.

[Key words]extracts of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma； Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma；in vivosingle-pass perfusion method

doi：10.4268/cjcmm20162124

中醫方剂中有使用“药引子”的历史，即在君臣配伍时添加使药作为“药引”起到“引药上行”“助药效”之作用，而芳香类中药因其辛香走窜之性多作为使药应用到临床组方中，如冰片、石菖蒲等。复方金思维来源于临床经验方，主要以人参茎叶提取物配伍石菖蒲治疗老年痴呆症。人参茎叶具有大补元气、安神益智^[1]之功效，为方中君药。人参皂苷 Rg1、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷Rd是人参的主要活性成分，现代研究表明其具有改善记忆功能^[2]、抗肿瘤抗衰老^[3-4]、抗菌抗病毒^[5]、促进细胞增殖^[6]等作用。其肠道吸收受其自身性质、胃肠道酸性环境、场内菌群、肝脏首过效应等多重因素的影响，口服生物利用度很低^[7-10]。……