灯具设计的快速评价方案与仿真软件
2016-11-04李强李湘宁潘逸黄浩
李强+李湘宁+潘逸+黄浩



摘要: 为了对灯具设计效果进行评价,提出了一种快速评价方法。基于实际灯具光强的实测数据,利用软件仿真来获得受照面的照明效果,从而有效控制误差和降低成本。对单个灯具在自由摆放位置和旋转角度的条件下,利用网格法划分受照面,由光度学理论计算得到受照面的照度分布。依据几何光学独立性,扩展到总体方案的照度分布。将照明效果用照度曲线和图像显示,从而对灯具设计状况获得快速、有效、直观的评价。为使图像更具直观性和有效性,提出了图像颜色随照度变化近似满足人眼gamma特性。以研制的天幕灯为例,证明了该方法的可行性。
关键词: 应用光学; 软件仿真; 照明评价; 光度学; 颜色
中图分类号: O435;TH74文献标志码: Adoi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-5630.2016.04.009
Abstract: A method for the evaluation of the optical design for lamps is proposed.Based on the measured datum of the luminous intensity of the lamps,the method evaluates the by software,so it controls error and reduces the cost effectively.For a single lamp on random position and with random rotation angle,a surface approximation scheme with a rectangular mesh is adopted and the irradiance distribution by the theory of photometry is calculated.According to the independence of the geometrical optics,the result can be extended to the overall scheme.a fast,effective,intuitive evaluation can be made by the illumination curves and picture which show the luminous effect on the surface.Besides,the change of the color on the picture by the irradiance distribution that meets the gamma curve for the human eye approximately is proposed,which may make the picture more intuitive and effective.As an example application,the simulation of a newly designed cyclorama light is presented to prove the feasibility of this method.
Keywords: applied optics; software simulation; lighting evaluation; photometry; color
引言
随着科技和照明行业的快速发展,照明要求已从单个灯点亮飞跃到营造整体光环境[1-2]。在大范围高标准的现代照明中,例如舞台照明、室内照明、道路照明、背投式液晶电视等,设计时利用批量灯具进行叠加。相对于单个灯照明,这样不仅可以在不对单个灯功率提高要求的情况下实现总功率的达标,而且具有更多变量用来调整实现特定照明。
灯具在光学设计时,利用像Zemax、tracepro、lighttools等光学设计仿真软件,优化灯具的外罩面形,从而达到照明要求。虽然传统设计软件可以以实际光源数据导入并且合理设置损耗参数,使仿真结果接近实际结果,但无法完全消除误差。而且实际生产的灯具,存在着加工、装配和光源电压匹配等产生的照明误差。……
