陈静雅 李文娇 丁灿

摘要 试验在高黎贡山、新庄、永乐和水菁通过同田对比的方法对绿色生态烟叶生产减肥增效技术进行验证，在高、低水平肥力田块分别设立对照及减少常规施氮量和施用有机无机复混肥等处理，在中等水平肥力田块中设立了对照、减少常规施氮量、施用有机无机复混肥和减少钾肥施用量等处理。结果表明：施用有机无机复混肥的处理优于减少常规施氮量的处理，优于减少钾肥施用量的处理，有机无机复混肥与烤烟专用肥混合使用有利于提高烟株品质。

关键词 烤烟；减肥增效；绿色生态

中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2016）06-0009-03

Study on Fertilizer-reducing Technology of Green Ecological Tobacco Production

CHEN Jing-ya LI Wen-jiao DING Can *

（Tobacco Institute of Yunnan Agricultural University，Kunming Yunnan 650201）

Asbract This experiment validated the fertilizer-reducing technology of green ecological tobacco production by method of contrast in the same field in Mount of Gong of Gaoli，Xinzhuang，Yongle and Shuijing.The control，the lessen normal-using N and the use with organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer were formed in high fertility paddy filed and low fertility oaddy field.In medium fertility paddy filed，set up the control，the lessen normal-using N，the use with organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer and the lessen-using K.The results showed that the use with organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer was superior to the lessen normal-using N and the lessen-using K.The quality of tobacco were improved by the organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer mix with specific fertilizer of flue-cured tobacco.

Key words flue-cured tobacco；fertilizer-reducing technology；green ecology

煙草养分管理是获得烟叶高产和良好品质的关键因素[1]，无机化学肥料作为一种速效肥料，能够在短时期内提高土壤肥力和增加作物产量。近年来，由于化学氮肥的大面积推广使用，使得土壤板结酸化土壤比减小、土壤微生物活动能源降低、营养元素利用率减小，导致烟叶产量和品质下降[2-6]。随着人们对生态、优质、安全烟草产品的日益关注，不同形式的有机肥及有机无机复混肥的应用逐渐成为烤烟生产领域的研究热点。生物有机无机复混肥是以经过接种微生物菌充分发酵有机物料为基础，并按不同比例添加无机肥料配制而成的一种新型肥料，对于提高烟叶品质，土壤微生物活性、促进土壤养分生物有效性的提高、刺激和调节烤烟生长发育、提高烤烟抗病性、改善烟叶的品质等具有积极意义[7-15]。……