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中考主谓一致考点透视

2016-10-09李建高

试题与研究·高考英语 2016年1期

李建高

纵观近年来全国各地中考英语试题,我们可以发现中考对主谓一致的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:

一、根据主语的单复数和可数性考查主谓一致

如果用作主语的名词或代词是单数,则谓语动词用单数;如果用作主语的名词或代词是复数,则谓语动词用复数;如果用作主语的名词是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数。

【真题链接1】(2015年重庆B卷) —How many people are there in your group?

—Four. Three boys ______ in our group.

A. is B. are

C. were D. was

【解析】选B。句子主语Three boys为复数名词,故谓语动词要用复数;根据语境可知,答句谓语要用一般现在时,故空格处应填are。

【真题链接2】(2015年郴州卷) —What would you like, coffee or tea?

—Either ______ OK. I dont mind.

A. is B. are

C. was

【解析】选A。either用作代词,意为“两者中的任何一个”,在句中做主语时,谓语动词用单数;根据语境可知,空格处要用一般现在时,故填is。

【真题链接3】(2015年黄石卷) The writer and speaker ______ a speech on Chinese culture in the hall now.

A. are giving B. is giving

C. will give D. has given

【解析】选B。the writer and speaker意为“这位作家兼演说家”,指的是同一个人,由时间状语now可知,该句用现在进行时态,故空格处应填is giving。

【真题链接4】(2011年德阳卷) —Physics ______ more difficult than Chinese, do you think so?

—Yes, I think so.

A. is B. are

C. have D. has

【解析】选A。句子主语Physics意为“物理”,在这里指一门学科。虽然主语形式上是复数,但表示的是单数意义,故谓语动词用单数;再根据句意可知,空格处应用系动词,故填is。

二、考查“名词+介词短语”用作主语时的主谓一致

介词短语一般不用作主语,因此,当“名词+介词短语”处于主语位置时,其后的谓语动词只与其中的名词有关而与介词短语无关。如a teacher with his students做主语时,谓语动词只与a teacher保持一致,而与with his students无关。

【真题链接1】(2015年泰安卷) Everybody except Mike and Linda ______ there when the meeting began.

A. is B. are

C. was D. were

【解析】选C。句子的真正主语是Everybody,而不是except Mike and Linda,谓语动词用单数形式;根据when引导的时间状语从句的时态可知,该句用一般过去时。……

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