中考主谓一致考点透视
2016-10-09李建高
李建高
纵观近年来全国各地中考英语试题,我们可以发现中考对主谓一致的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:
一、根据主语的单复数和可数性考查主谓一致
如果用作主语的名词或代词是单数,则谓语动词用单数;如果用作主语的名词或代词是复数,则谓语动词用复数;如果用作主语的名词是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数。
【真题链接1】(2015年重庆B卷) —How many people are there in your group?
—Four. Three boys ______ in our group.
A. is B. are
C. were D. was
【解析】选B。句子主语Three boys为复数名词,故谓语动词要用复数;根据语境可知,答句谓语要用一般现在时,故空格处应填are。
【真题链接2】(2015年郴州卷) —What would you like, coffee or tea?
—Either ______ OK. I dont mind.
A. is B. are
C. was
【解析】选A。either用作代词,意为“两者中的任何一个”,在句中做主语时,谓语动词用单数;根据语境可知,空格处要用一般现在时,故填is。
【真题链接3】(2015年黄石卷) The writer and speaker ______ a speech on Chinese culture in the hall now.
A. are giving B. is giving
C. will give D. has given
【解析】选B。the writer and speaker意为“这位作家兼演说家”,指的是同一个人,由时间状语now可知,该句用现在进行时态,故空格处应填is giving。
【真题链接4】(2011年德阳卷) —Physics ______ more difficult than Chinese, do you think so?
—Yes, I think so.
A. is B. are
C. have D. has
【解析】选A。句子主语Physics意为“物理”,在这里指一门学科。虽然主语形式上是复数,但表示的是单数意义,故谓语动词用单数;再根据句意可知,空格处应用系动词,故填is。
二、考查“名词+介词短语”用作主语时的主谓一致
介词短语一般不用作主语,因此,当“名词+介词短语”处于主语位置时,其后的谓语动词只与其中的名词有关而与介词短语无关。如a teacher with his students做主语时,谓语动词只与a teacher保持一致,而与with his students无关。
【真题链接1】(2015年泰安卷) Everybody except Mike and Linda ______ there when the meeting began.
A. is B. are
C. was D. were
【解析】选C。句子的真正主语是Everybody,而不是except Mike and Linda,谓语动词用单数形式;根据when引导的时间状语从句的时态可知,该句用一般过去时。……