1. hate vt. 讨厌；不喜欢

（1） hate sth/sb 讨厌、憎恨某物/人

I hate Friday mornings. 我讨厌星期五早晨。

（2） hate doing sth 讨厌做某事（习惯性动作）

Paul hates making mistakes. 保罗讨厌出错。

（3） hate to do sth 不想 / 不愿做某事（通常是一次性或特指动作）

He hates to think what would have happened if he hadnt called the police.

他不愿想如果他没有报警会发生什么事。

2. avoid vt. （故意）避开

avoid后可接名词或代词作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但是不能接不定式作宾语。

You should avoid such mistakes.

你应当避免这样的错误。

I realized he was trying to avoid the topic.

我意识到他是在设法避开这个话题。

正：He avoided answering my questions.

误：He avoided to answer my questions.

正：It was impossible to avoid being affected.

误：It was impossible to avoid to be affected.

3. admit vt. 承认；招认；招供（常指不情愿地承认

某事属实）

常用搭配：（1） admit to sth/admit to doing sth 承认（过错、罪行）；招认；招供

He refused to admit to the other charges.

他拒不承认其他指控。

Tom admitted to having stolen the car.

汤姆供认偷了那辆车。

（2） admit that+从句

I admitted that I was late for work.

我承认我上班迟到了。

4. wave v. 挥（手）；招（手）

（1） wave at/to sb 向某人挥手

Tom waved to us as he came across the field.

汤姆穿过田地时朝我们挥手。

（2） wave sth （at sb） （向某人）摇晃某物

A boy waved some flowers at his mother.

一个男孩对他的母亲挥舞着一些花。

5. respect vt. & n. 尊重；敬重

（1） respect sb/sth （for sth）

She had always been honest with me， and I respect her for that.

她一直对我很诚实。我非常敬重她这一点。

The president is expected to respect the constitution.

人们期望总统尊重宪法。

（2） have/show respect for sb/sth 对……尊敬 / 尊重

The students have great respect for their history teacher.

学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。

He shows no respect for her feelings.

他不尊重她的感情。

respectful adj. 恭敬的；表示敬意的

respectable adj. 值得尊敬的；规矩的；体面的

The woman kept a respectful silence.

那位妇人恭敬地保持着沉默。

Its not respectable to be drunk in the street.

在大街上醉倒是不体面的。

6. appreciate vt. 感激

（1） appreciate后可接名（代）词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语，但不能接不定式。

We shall appreciate hearing from you again.

能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。

I appreciate that you have come here so early.

感谢你来得这么早。

（2） appreciate习惯上不用“人”作宾语，其后只能接“事”作宾语。（注意：这与thank 的用法恰恰相反）

正：I appreciate your kindness.

误：I appreciate you for your kindness.

正：He thanked her for her kindness.

误：He thanked her kindness.

（3） appreciate后接if 或when从句时习惯上要先接it，而不直接跟if或when引导的从句。

I would appreciate it if you would help me with it.

如果你能帮助我做这事，我会十分感激。

We really appreciate it when she offered to help.

她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。

（4） 表示感激的程度，可用deeply， highly， （very） much等副词修饰。

I deeply appreciate your kindness.

我深深感谢你的好意。

He highly appreciated their help.

他非常感谢他们的帮助。