罗杰·麦克高夫《40岁的爱情》文体分析
2016-09-07冯芝燕
【摘要】在诗歌的创作与欣赏中,审美形式不仅是首要标准而且得到广泛重视。近年来,国内外学者潜心创作大量的诗歌作品,这些作品都力求韵律和结构并存。英国当代诗人罗杰·麦克高夫写了一首《40岁的爱情》的短诗,诗人将诗排列成对称的两行,甚至将一些单词拆开,来实现左右对称和平衡;中间一道竖线,营造网球场的视觉形象,同时也映照夫妻间感情上的距离。笔者试图从结构、用词、音韵、语法和修辞几个方面分析《40岁的爱情》这篇短诗中所运用的特殊技巧,旨在对一首诗歌进行内容与形式上的解读时,提供一个更深刻的理解。
【关键词】麦克高夫 《40岁的爱情》 爱情 文体风格
【Abstract】In poetry creation and appreciation, the aesthetic form is not only the primary standard but also widely gains extensive attention. In recent years, scholars in and abroad devote themselves to the creation of numerous poems which have sought to coexist rhythm and structure. Contemporary British poet Roger MacGough wrote a poem named 40-Love, in which the poet arranged in two symmetrical rows, and even some words apart to be symmetrical and balanced; a vertical line in the middle creates a visual image of the tennis court, as well as reflects emotional distance between husband and wife. The thesis is aimed to analyse the special skills employed in the 40-Love from aspects of the structure, terms, phonology, syntax and rhetoric, in order to interpret the content and form for providing a deeper understanding.
【Key words】Roger McGough; 40-Love; Love; Style
一、引言
众所周知,在多种多样的文学体裁中,形式是诗歌的重中之重。近年来,国内外学者潜心创作大量的诗歌作品,这些作品都力求韵律和结构并存。美国当代诗人肯明斯(1884-1962)就是一个典型的代表,他凭借自己离奇古怪的写作风格以及别出心裁的诗歌形式而著称。词语任意分裂,标点符号异乎寻常,除了强调一般不用大写,连I(我)和自己的名字也是小写,肯尼迪曾评价他的这种形式是“肯明斯创造的最优雅耐看的文学结构”。因此,肯明斯的诗歌也被美名为“诗画”或者“视觉诗”,抑或是我们都非常熟悉的图像诗。艾布拉姆斯指出此类诗的特点是诗句中生动活泼的视觉意象来自于不规则的音节、字母、标点符号、语法、格式和印刷字来增强诗歌的内部联想,深化意境,传达和丰富内涵。……
