郭瑞威，寇贞建，王利民，何劲松



军事演习应激对军人心血管系统的影响

郭瑞威，寇贞建，王利民，何劲松

目的研究参加演习官兵心血管系统指标的变化情况，旨在了解军人在不同作业环境下心血管功能对应激反应程度。方法选取某部官兵143名为研究对象，在平时和参演前进行动态心电图和动态血压监测，对数据进行分析比较。结果有效数据采集96人，其中38人为第一次参加演习，58人为两次以上参加。参演官兵演习前平均心率、房性心律失常、室性心率失常、Ⅱ度Ⅱ型房室传导阻滞、心率变异性异常发生率、平均收缩压和舒张压均显著高于平时(P＜0.05)。其中首次参演官兵参演前平均心率、房性心律失常、室性心率失常、心率变异性异常发生率、平均收缩压和舒张压均显著高于平时(P＜0.05)；多次参演官兵仅平均心率、房性心律失常和平均收缩压显著高于平时(P＜0.05)。首次组平均心率、房性心律失常发生率、室性心率失常发生率、Ⅱ度Ⅱ型房室传导阻滞发生率、心率变异性异常发生率和血压的增幅均高于多次组(P＜0.05)。结论军事演习应激可能引起心血管系统功能的改变，而演习体验对于减少应激反应具有一定作用。

军事应激；心血管系统；动态心电图;动态血压

[Abstract]Objective To study the changes in the cardiovascular system indexes of the officers and soldiers joining them ilitary maneuver in order to understand the response degree of their cardiovascular function to the stress in differentworking environment. Methods 143 officers and soldiers were chosen as research objects.Dynam ic electrocardiogram and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were carried out during the normal time and before the maneuver.And data were analyzed and compare.Results Qualified data were obtained from 96 people in whom 38 ones joined the maneuver for the first time and 58 ones had joined maneuvers for at least two times.The average heart rate,atrial arrhythmia,ventricular arrhythmia,second degree typeⅡatrioventricular block,abnormal heart rate variability,and mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of those military personnel before themaneuver were significantly higher than those in the normal time(P＜0.05).Among the personnel joining themaneuver for the first time,their average heart rate,atrial arrhythmia,ventricular arrhythmia,abnormal heart rate variability,and mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher than those in the normal time(P＜0.05).Among those having joined maneuvers for at least two times,only the average heart rate,atrial arrhythmia,and mean systolic blood pressure were significantly higher than those in the normal time(P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the increasing extent of those indexes above in the former group was significantly higher than that in the latter one(P＜0.05).Conclusion Military maneuver stress may cause changes in the cardiovascular system function.The experiences in themaneuvers play a certain role in the decrease of stress reaction.

[Key words]military stress;cardiovascular system;dynam ic electrocardiogram;ambulatory blood pressure

持续和强烈的应激源可以导致机体的损伤，部队作业面临更为复杂的应激环境，军事应激所致损伤已确定为部队非战斗减员的主要原因之一[1]。军事应激是军人通过对军事活动环境和军事活动形式刺激的认知评价而产生的生理及心理的反应[2]。……