孙妍　陈玲　徐信武　　　　　濮维忠

(南京林业大学，南京，210037)　　　　　　(江苏(科利达)企业研究生工作站)



木粉/废旧橡胶粉/HDPE三元复合材料的微孔结构及拉伸性能1)

孙妍陈玲徐信武濮维忠

(南京林业大学，南京，210037)(江苏(科利达)企业研究生工作站)

以废旧橡胶粉、意杨胶合板砂光粉和聚乙烯(HDPE)为主要原料，结合碳酸氢钠(NaHCO3)发泡剂、马来酸酐改性聚乙烯(MA-PE)偶联剂和聚乙烯蜡润滑剂，采用挤压工艺生产木橡塑复合材料(WRPC)。详细探讨了木粉、橡胶与HDPE配比及发泡剂用量对WRPC材料内部微孔结构及拉伸性能、湿性能的影响。结果表明：无论发泡与否，WRPC材料均具有大量泡孔，泡孔的数量、尺度和形态与物料配比，尤其是HDPE和发泡剂的用量密切相关；WRPC材料具有优异的拉伸性能和湿稳定性，在挤压工艺不变时，木粉、橡胶粉和HDPE的用量对拉伸强度具有明显影响，且具有交互效应，根据交互影响结果可绘制性能等位线；发泡后WRPC材料密度明显降低，拉伸强度减小而吸水率增大，当发泡剂用量为3%时，拉伸强度最大。研究结果为订制特定需求的WRPC材料提供了可靠的理论和应用借鉴。

废旧橡胶；木橡塑复合材料；发泡；环境保护

We used waste tire rubber powder, sanding of poplar plywood and HDPE to manufacture wood rubber & plastic composites (WRPC) by extrusion process combined with a foaming agent (NaHCO3), coupling agent (MA-PE) and lubricant (PE-Wax). We studied the influences of raw materials composition on WRPC internal micro porous structure, tensile and hygroscopic properties. Both foamed and control WRPCs contain considerable micro in-situ pores, and the quantity, size, and shape of the pores are affected by WRPC composition especially the contents of HDPE and NaHCO3. WRPCs have sound anti-tensile and wet stability performance. The contents of wood flours, rubber powders, and HDPE have evident influence and interaction on WRPC tensile strength (TenS) and water absorption (WA). Isocurves were successfully drawn according to the interaction results. Foamed WRPCs showed lower density and TenS while higher WA values compared to control. The maximum TenS value was achieved when 3% of NaHCO3was added. The above research results may be reliable for reference to design and produce WRPCs for designated applications.

木材—橡胶—塑料三元复合材料(简称木橡塑复合材料，WRPC)是以塑料为基体相(或胶黏剂)、木材为力学增强相、橡胶为增韧缓冲功能相的新型复合材料，近年来在国内外被广泛提及[1-2]。基于其良好的吸音消声、阻尼减振、隔热保温、防腐防蛀等性能，木橡塑复合材料在城市建筑装饰和围护、运动地板、运输包装等领域具有潜在的巨大需求空间[3-4]，同时实现了废弃木粉和回收橡胶[5-6]等资源的生态利用。……