刘诚　范豪　花军　吴昊

(东北林业大学，哈尔滨，150040)



铺层取向角度对黄麻纤维复合材料性能的影响1)

刘诚范豪花军吴昊

(东北林业大学，哈尔滨，150040)

基于真空辅助树脂传递模塑(VARTM)工艺，研究不同铺层取向角度对黄麻纤维布增强环氧树脂复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：单向铺层取向时，随着铺层取向角度的增加，复合材料拉伸强度呈近凹抛物线形变化，并在取向角为90°时达到最大值；弯曲强度呈近凸抛物线形变化，并在取向角为60°时达到最大值。双向铺层取向时，复合材料拉伸强度和弯曲强度均呈波浪形变化，其最大值分别在取向角为±75°和±45°时获得。综合对比单、双向铺层，复合材料拉伸强度在单向取向角为90°铺层取向时达到最大值，为78.26 MPa；而复合材料弯曲强度在双向取向角为±45°时达到最大值，为89.82 MPa。

铺层取向角度；黄麻纤维；VARTM工艺；复合材料；力学性能

During the VARTM process, we studied the effect of the different ply orientated angles on the mechanical properties of the jute-cloth-reinforced epoxy resin composites. When the unidirectional ply orientation was used, the tensile properties showed nearly a “concave parabolic” variation with the increase of angle and the best tensile property reached the maximum at the 90° ply orientation. The flexural properties showed nearly a “convex parabolic” variation, and the flexural property reached the maximum at the 60° ply orientation. When the bi-directional ply orientation was used, the tensile properties and flexural properties all presented nearly a “wave line” variation, meanwhile the maximum values of tensile properties and flexural properties were obtained at ±75° and ±45°, respectively. Compared the unidirectional with the bi-directional ply orientation, the tensile property reached the maximum value at 90° for the unidirectional ply orientation, with the value of 78.26 MPa. While the flexural property reached the maximum value at ±45° for the bio-directional ply orientation, with the value of 89.82 MPa.

麻纤维质轻价廉、可降解，且有较高比强度和比模量，力学性能与玻璃纤维相当[1],在某些工程领域可作为增强体制备树脂基麻纤维复合材料[2]。真空辅助树脂传递模塑(VARTM)工艺是一种新颖的复合材料成型工艺，它主要利用真空负压排除模具内纤维中的气体，并实现树脂对纤维浸润，使纤维与树脂达到良好的结合[3]。利用VARTM工艺制备麻纤维复合材料时，纤维在模具内的铺层取向角度会对树脂流动的前沿路径产生较大的影响，取向角度选取不当可能造成树脂填充不均匀进而出现干斑或气泡等缺陷，影响复合材料的质量和性能[4]。……