纯电动物流车与传统物流车使用者成本对比
2016-08-03马婧
马婧
摘 要:纯电动物流车的使用成本是影响物流企业选择购买与否的重要因素。基于生命全周期分析思想,对物流车辆各项使用成本进行深入研究,设计能够全面反映纯电动物流车与传统物流车使用成本的计算方法,进而通过实际案例对比分析两种物流车的使用成本,最后结合未来发展趋势对案例计算结果进行敏感性分析,总结纯电动物流车的经济性要点,为物流企业在两种物流车之间的抉择提供理论指导。
关键词:纯电动物流车;传统物流车;使用者全部成本;对比分析
中图分类号:F253.7 文献标识码:A
Abstract: The user cost of electric truck is one of the most important factors which influence the purchasing decision of logistic companies. Based on the life cycle assessment approach, a further study of user cost is provided to the logistic vehicles in different dimensions. Then a calculation model is developed to reflect generally the user cost of electric logistic vehicles and conventional logistic vehicles. After that, the user cost of two types of vehicles are compared by certain cases and a sensitivity analysis is conducted against the calculation result considering the future development trend. Finally, by summarizing the economic advantages of electric vehicles, it is reasonable to provide the theoretical guidance for logistic companies to make choice between these two types of logistic vehicles.
Key words: electric logistic vehicle; convention logistic vehicle; total cost of user; comparison
0 引 言
随着我国城市物流快速发展,物流用车数量迅速增加,随之引起严重的城市环境污染、交通拥堵等社会问题。纯电动物流车因具备环保清洁的优势逐渐受到全社会的广泛关注,现今正是国家大力扶持推动纯电动物流车发展的时期。目前纯电动物流车购置成本相对较高,充电设施不够完善导致充电难,但是同时也具备享受政府优惠政策,行驶成本较低的优势。在纯电动物流车和传统物流车之间如何抉择成为物流企业正在面对的一道难题。
本文从物流企业最为关心的个体经济效益角度出发,基于全生命周期分析的思想,构建使用者全部成本模型,以上海市为背景,对车辆购买、运营到报废各阶段的各项使用成本进行探讨,最后通过具体车型的应用案例的计算结果对比分析纯电动物流车与传统物流车的使用者全部成本,并对计算结果进行关键要素敏感性分析,为物流企业提供决策参考。……
