第三方物流企业竞争力评价研究综述
2016-08-03闫柏睿
闫柏睿
摘 要:通过运用文献调查法和对比分析法,调查了国内外关于企业竞争力概念、企业竞争力评价方法、企业竞争力评价指标体系的研究状况,进一步对几种典型的企业竞争力评价方法进行比较,指出现有的第三方物流企业竞争力评价指标体系存在的不足。以期对第三方物流企业竞争力的评价体系研究有一个系统的梳理。最后指出,由于对该竞争力的评价要涉及到多种因素和目标,综合评价并不是各指标值的简单加总,而是需要根据一定的数学方法进行处理。不同的评价系统,评价因素也不同,使用的评价模型也有所不同。
关键词:企业竞争力;评价指标体系;模糊综合评价法
中图分类号:F272 文献标识码:A
Abstract: Through the use of literature survey method and comparative analysis method to investigate the at home and abroad on the concept of the competitiveness of enterprises, enterprise competitiveness evaluation methods, the research status of evaluation index system of enterprise competitiveness, and further on several typical enterprise competitiveness evaluation methods compared. It is pointed out that the shortcomings of existing logistics enterprise competitiveness evaluation index system. With a view to the third party logistics enterprise competitiveness evaluation research system has a system of carding. Finally, it is pointed out that due to the evaluation of the competitiveness of a variety of factors and objectives, comprehensive evaluation is not a simple sum of the value of each index, but need to be processed according to a certain mathematical method. Different evaluation systems, evaluation factors, are also diffenent, the use of the evaluation model is also different.
Key words: enterprise competitiveness; evaluation index system; fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method
1 企业竞争力概念
企业竞争力是一个有明确直观含义但又难以准确定义的综合概念。国外许多专家、学者都曾从不同角度予以阐述。根据列宁所定义的“这种为共同市场而劳作的独立生产者之间的关系叫竞争”,竞争力显然是某些独立生产者在共同市场取得优势,而另一些处于劣势地位的表现。莫夫卓基(1995)认为,竞争力研究可以涵盖国家竞争力、产业竞争力、企业竞争力3个层次。
国内学者对企业竞争力也从不同角度进行了研究。罗国勋认为,企业竞争力是企业和企业家在适应、协调和驾驭外部环境的过程中成功地从事经营活动的能力。张志强、吴建忠认为,企业竞争力实际上是一个通过比较而得到的相对概念,企业竞争力由3部分组成,即企业现实的市场竞争力;……
