肾脏功能指标检测及其在高血压肾病中的临床表达
2016-07-26沙丹戴梅林文涛
沙丹 戴梅 林文涛

【摘要】目的 探讨血清胱抑素C(CysC)与传统肾功能检测指标在高血压肾病监测中的临床表达。方法 150例高血压肾病患者, 其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期各50例, 采用全自动化学法分别测定各期患者血清CysC、尿素(UR)、肌酐(SCR)含量, 并进行比较, 分析各指标在各期患者中的表达, 评价各指标在高血压肾病中的监测效能。结果 Ⅰ期高血压肾病患者CysC为(1.39±0.22)mg/L、UR为(9.86±1.52)mmol/L、SCR为(139.0±22.5)μmol/L, Ⅱ期高血压肾病患者CysC为(2.13±0.35)mg/L、UR为(10.07±1.71)mmol/L、SCR为(145.0±23.1)μmol/L, Ⅲ期高血压肾病患者CysC为(2.94±0.51)mg/L、UR为(10.71±2.06)mmol/L、SCR为(153.0±24.7)μmol/L。高血压肾病Ⅲ期患者CysC含量高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者(P<0.05), Ⅱ期患者CysC含量高于Ⅰ期患者(P<0.05);高血压肾病Ⅰ期与Ⅱ期患者、Ⅱ期与Ⅲ期患者UR、SCR含量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05), Ⅰ期患者UR、SCR含量低于Ⅲ期患者(P<0.05)。结论 高血压肾病患者存在不同程度的肾功能改变, 血清CysC测定较传统UR、SCR监测更能反映患者早期肾损伤。
【关键词】 高血压病; 肾病; 肾功能
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.17.004
Clinical expression of renal function indicators detection in hypertensive nephropathy SHA Dan, DAI Mei, LIN Wen-tao. Hubei Xiantao City First Peoples Hospital, Xiantao 433000, China
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate clinical expression of serum cystatin C (CysC) and renal function indicators in monitoring of hypertensive nephropathy. Methods A total of 150 hypertensive nephropathy patients, with 50 cases in each stages of Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, all received automatic chemical test to detect serum CysC, urea (UR), and creatinine (SCR) contents for comparison. Expressions of indicators were analyzed, and their function in monitoring of hypertensive nephropathy was evaluated. Results Stage Ⅰ hypertensive nephropathy patients had CysC as (1.39±0.22)mg/L, UR as (9.86±1.52)mmol/L and SCR as (139.0±22.5)μmol/L. Stage Ⅱ hypertensive nephropathy patients had CysC as (2.13±0.35)mg/L, UR as (10.07±1.71)mmol/L and SCR as (145.0±23.1)μmol/L. Stage Ⅲ hypertensive nephropathy patients had CysC as (2.94±0.51)mg/L, UR as (10.71±2.06)mmol/L
and SCR as (153.0±24.7)μmol/L. Stage Ⅲ hypertensive nephropathy patients had higher CysC content than stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients (P<0.05), and stage Ⅱ patients had higher CysC than stage Ⅰ cases (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference of UR and SCR contents between stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients (P>0.05), while stage Ⅰ cases had lower UR and SCR than stage Ⅲ cases (P<0.05). Conclusion Various renal function changes are shown in hypertensive nephropathy patients, and serum CysC can show better reflection of early renal injury in monitoring than UR and SCR.
【Key words】 Hypertension; Nephropathy; Renal function
高血压肾病是高血压病最严重的并发症之一, 它是由于高血压病患者因血压升高而引发的肾脏微血管并发症, 进而导致肾小球硬化症。高血压肾病的早期表现为肾体积增大, 肾小球滤过率增加, 呈高滤过状态, 以后逐渐出现间隙蛋白尿或微量白蛋白尿, 在不加控制的情况下, 随着病程的延长出现持续蛋白尿水肿、高血压、肾小球滤过率降低, 进而导致严重的肾功能病变, 如果没有及时治疗或者进行有效干预, 极容易出现肾脏不可逆损伤进而导致死亡。高血压肾病系原发性高血压引起的肾脏结构和功能损害, 分为良性高血压肾硬化症和恶性高血压肾硬化症。前者是由于良性高血压[≥140/90 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)]长期作用于肾脏所致, 后者指在原发性高血压基础上发展为恶性高血压(舒张压>130 mm Hg)后引起的肾脏损害。高血压和肾损害如果同时存在, 会互为因果, 互相加重。为预防高血压患者出现严重肾病引发临床危象, 除了规范控制血压外, 适时监测患者肾脏功能, 并根据检测结果进行早期干预, 防治肾脏功能进一步恶化, 显得尤为重要[1-3]。……
