王文强 段继海

摘 要：焦化废水主要是焦化厂在煤气化、液化、炼焦过程中所产生的废水，此种废水中含有大量的有毒、难降解的有机物是一种较难处理的有机废水。目前主要采用以下方法对焦化废水进行处理：首先利用常规方法对废水进行预处理、然后利用生化方法对预处理废水进行二次处理。 但是，经过上述过程处理后的焦化废水外排水中的氰化物、COD 及氨氮含量仍然无法达标。 针对焦化废水组成复杂、难于处理、经传统方法处理后无法达标排放这种状况，综合了近几年来国内外有关焦化废水处理方面的大量的研究成果，系统地介绍了焦化废水深度处理过程中所应用的物化方法、氧化方法、膜处理三大类方法的优缺点，列举了当前几种焦化废水回用实例及不足，并指出了焦化废水处理技术今后的发展方向。

关 键 词：焦化废水；深度處理；研究进展；回收利用

中图分类号：X 703 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1671-0460（2016）08-1959-05

Abstract： Coking wastewater is a kind of complex and high polluted industrial wastewater，which contains many toxic， biodegradable substances and is produced in the process of coking. Currently， coking wastewater is pretreated by conventional method first， and then it is treated by the biological dephenolizing. However，after the treatment， cyanide， COD ，ammonia and other indicators in efflux wastewater are still difficult to meet the standards. In this paper，a lot of research achievements about coking wastewater treatment achieved by domestic and foreign scholars in resent years were collected. The advantages and disadvantages of physical and chemical method， oxidation process， membrane treatment methods in coking wastewater treatment process were introduced systematically， and several practical examples of recycling coking wastewater were listed as well as exist problems.

Key words： coking wastewater； advanced treatment； research progress； recycling

焦化废水主要是指在煤炼焦、煤气净化、化工产品回收和化工产品精制过程中产生的废水。由于受原煤性质、产品回收、生产工艺等多种因素的影响，导致废水成分异常复杂。焦化废水中所含有机物主要以酚类化合物为主，其含量达到有机物总量的一半以上，剩余有机化合物主要为含硫、氧、氮的杂环有机化合物以及多环芳香族有机化合物等[1]。焦化废水以其排放量大、成分复杂、处理困难等特点使焦化废水极难再循环利用或者达标排放。……