低张力聚合物微球调驱机理及注入参数优化
2016-07-10付美龙张蒙胡泽文
付美龙 张蒙 胡泽文
摘 要:聚合物微球在溶胀以前粒径较小,能随注入水顺利进入油藏深部,在地层高温作用下,聚合物微球吸水溶胀,粒径变大,最后以架桥的方式堵塞地层喉道,实现油藏的深部调剖。在低倍显微镜下观察岩心切面的微球,可以明显看到其运移—架桥—堵塞—变形—突破再运移—再堵塞的调剖过程。宏观机理验证中发现注入聚合物微球后,驱替压力明显上升,证明了堵塞的存在。通过注入参数优选,最后发现0.3%微球和0.5%表面活性剂1∶1在0.5 mL/min速度下交替注入0.5 PV,溶胀48 h后的驱油效果最好。
关 键 词:低张力聚合物微球;驅油机理;参数优化
中图分类号:TQ39,TE 397 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1671-0460(2016)08-1784-04
Abstract: The polymer microspheres have smaller particle size before swelling, can successfully enter the deep reservoir with the injection of water. In the formation of high temperature, polymer microspheres absorb water to swell, particle size becomes larger, and finally they can plug the roar by bridging way to realize the reservoir deep profile control. Through observation of the microspheres in core sections by low magnification microscope, we can clearly see the transporting-bridging-blocking-deformation-breaking remigration-re-blockage of the profile control process. After the macroscopic mechanism verification, its found that there was a significant increase in the displacement pressure after the injection of polymer microspheres, which proved the existence of the blockage. Through the injection parameters optimization, its finally found that alternate injecting 0.5 PV 0.3% microspheres and 0.5% surfactant (1∶1 ) at 0.5 mL/min can obtain the best flooding effect after the swelling of 48 h.
Key words: low tension polymer microsphere; displacement mechanism; parameter optimization
目前,中原油田多数油藏已处于高含水或特高含水开发阶段[1]。文25东区块属河流相沉积,层内非均质严重,渗透率表现为正韵律特征,渗透率级差<17倍[2],突进系数<3,变异系数>0.9,总体上表现中等略偏强的层内非均质性[3]。经过多年注水开发,层内矛盾进一步加剧[4]。鉴于中原油田地层温度高、地层水矿化度高,常规三次采油技术难以适应。
为解决中原油田含水率高以及采收率低的现状,油田相继开展了CO2吞吐、N2驱、空气驱、合成聚合物驱、交联聚合物驱、微生物采油等项现场试验[1],但效果都不甚理想。为了克服严重的层间非均质性,增大注入水的波及面积以及洗油效率,文25东区块引进低张力聚合物微球调驱工艺,实现油田的增产稳产。
1 低张力聚合物微球体系调驱机理
1.1 微观驱油机理
该聚合物微球是一个弹性球体,依靠架桥和膨胀作用在地层孔喉处进行堵塞,从而实现注入水微观改向[5]。……
